Factors associated with hypertension among workers in the Greater-Tzaneen Municipality of the Limpopo Province, South Africa

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension has become a public health challenge in both developing and developed countries. However the cause of hypertension is unknown. There are various factors that lead to hypertension. Aim: The aim of study was to investigate factors associated with hypertension among workers in the Greater-Tzaneen Municipality of the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Methodology: A quantitative approach was adopted using a cross-sectional descriptive design. The population comprised of all registered workers in the Greater-Tzaneen Municipality. Simple random sampling was used to select 344 participants in the study however, due to withdrawal from participation; the final sample size was 316. Data was collected using questionnaires and an electronic blood pressure machine (a Baumanometer). Validity and reliability of the instrument was ensured. The basic principles of ethics were observed. Data collected was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 25.0. Results: The sample comprised of 316 of workers, 226 were females and 90 males. The findings of this study showed that socio economic factors are associated with the development of hypertension (p=0.000). Age and gender also showed an association with the development of hypertension (p=0.000). Lifestyle factors such as alcohol drinking, diet and physical activity also showed an association (p<0.005) and tobacco smoking appeared not to be associated with the development of hypertension. The findings of the study showed lack of a knowledge regarding hypertension. On prevalence there were 142(44.9%) who had normal blood pressure. Conclusion: An increase in health education and awareness should be employed regarding the risk factors associated with hypertension in the study. Keywords: Factors, Hypertension, workers