Knowledge, attitude and practices of health care providers regarding measures to prevent infection to HIV in a regional hospital in the Vhembe District

Abstract

The exposure of healthcare workers (HCWs) to HIV in the workplace is a significant issue, as they face a high risk of infection from patient body fluids and blood. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of HCWs in a particular regional hospital in the Vhembe district regarding strategies to prevent HIV exposure at work. This research employed a quantitative cross-sectional descriptive design. The intended sample size for this study was 245 healthcare participants, but only 103 healthcare professionals completed the questionnaire and participated in the research. The researchers used a probability stratified sampling technique to select the respondents, and the data were gathered through self-administered questionnaires that contained closed-ended questions. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software, version 25, and presented in tables, charts, and graphs. Prior to the actual data collection, the questionnaire was pre-tested to ensure that it could obtain reliable and high-quality data. To ensure validity and reliability, it was essential to properly select the research sample and utilize a consistent measuring instrument when collecting the data. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Venda and the Vhembe District Department of Health, Primary Healthcare Executive Officer in Thohoyandou. The study's findings indicated that although most respondents were aware of PEP for HIV, and had a positive attitude towards it, their actual practices were still inadequate. The study makes recommendations for future research and addressing these limitations.