Factors contributing to physical activity participation amongst health sciences students at the University of Venda

Abstract

Physical activity has the potential to enhance the quality of student life. People who engage in physical activities tend to show improvement cognitively, socially, psychologically, physically and in overall health. The purpose of this study was to determine factors that contribute to physical activity participation as reported by students at the University of Venda. The study design was a cross-sectional survey using quantitative methods. The research was descriptive and exploratory. Two hundred and fourteen first-year students in the School of Health Sciences, University of Venda participated in the study. The sampling strategy used was the consensus. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire, a portable calibrated scale and a stadiometer for weight and height measurements respectively. Factors contributing to physical activity participation and barriers were therefore collected with the Likert Scale. Data were analyzed using version 25.0 of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics were calculated to determine frequency distributions, mean and standard deviations. Informed consent forms were signed by the participants. Confidentiality and anonymity were assured throughout the study. Physical fitness and improved self-image were the most indicated factors that contribute to physical activity participation in the study. Few students regarded skills development as an opportunity provided by physical activity engagement. There was also an indication in the study that friends and family play a role in students’ participation in physical activities. Most participants (70%) were neither engaging in moderate nor vigorous physical activities. Only less than a quarter of students participated in different physical activities and were from various disciplines. Jogging and running seemed the most popular physical activities amongst participants. The majority (94%) of the participants pointed out that psychological well-being and stress relief were the health benefits of participating in physical activities. Participants (86%) also indicated Physical activity engagement as a skills development opportunity. Most of the participants (60%) indicated that their engagement in physical activities is limited due to the bad conditions of the facilities. This study recommends the need for the introduction of awareness programmes on physical activity as well as well-structured programmes of physical activity by qualified personnel geared towards the improvement of the general well-being of students.