Health and well-being of workers at wastewater treatment plant in Muledane Thohoyandou Block J, Limpopo Province

Abstract

Background: Occupational hazards and health risks faced by wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) workers have been recognised globally as a significant public health concern. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the health and well-being experienced by workers at the wastewater treatment plant in Muledane Thohoyandou Block J, Limpopo Province. Methodology: A quantitative research approach was adopted using a descriptive cross-sectional research study design to assess the health and well-being of workers at Muledane Wastewater treatment plant. The setting was the work environment at Muledane wastewater treatment plant, Thohoyandou Block J, Limpopo Province. A pre-test was conducted with 10% of the population (n=3), and these respondents were included in the final sample. The total population sampling method was used to obtain the 32 respondents due to the small population at the chosen wastewater treatment plant location. The data collection tool was a structured, self-administered questionnaire with closed-ended questions. A pre-test of the structured questionnaire was conducted to enhance its clarity and relevance and to ensure reliability and validity. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 30.0 version, with descriptive statistics. Ethical considerations, including informed consent, confidentiality, and the voluntary nature of participation, were strictly upheld throughout the study. Results: The study identified respiratory symptoms and conditions among some workers, indicating potential occupational exposure risks. Physical and mental health challenges were commonly reported. Barriers to healthcare access included limited occupational health services and time constraints. Overall, the findings highlighted significant occupational health risks requiring targeted interventions. Contributions: The study contributes to understanding the health implications of occupational exposure in WWTPs and highlights the critical role of PPE in safeguarding employee health. Recommendations: Strengthen workplace health and safety practices through regular training, strict enforcement of PPE use, routine health monitoring, and policies to reduce exposure to hazardous substances. Implementing these measures by the municipality and plant management is essential for the improvement of wastewater treatment plant employees.