Department of Youth in Development

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    A study of the effects of Zimbabwean youth migration on Musina Area, South Africa
    (2015-05) Chinyakata, Rachel; Raselekoane, N. R.; Mapaya, J.
    See the attached abstract below
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    Gender differences in the socialization patterns of children within the family: a case study of Mashau Bodwe Village, Vhembe District, Limpopo Province
    (2015-05) Ramashau, Mulalo; Thobejane, T. D.; Lehloka, M. G.
    See the attached abstract below
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    An Exploratory Study of Crime Among High School Learners in Nzhelele East Circuit, Vhembe District, Limpopo Province
    (2015-05-18) Mathungeni, Recheal Nthangeni; Raselekoane, N. R.; Mashau, T. S.
    High school crime has become a major problem all over the world including South Africa. The aim of this study was to explore the nature, causes and effects of youth crime amongst learners in high schools in Nzhelele East Circuit. Three high schools known for high crime rate were purposefully selected. A mixed method approach was adopted. Focus groups were conducted among the Life Orientation teachers in the selected schools to collect qualitative data, and questionnaires were administered to learners to collect quantitative data. Purposive sampling was used to sample Life Orientation teachers for the focus groups. Stratified random sampling was used to survey 40 grade 10 and 40 grade 11 learners from each of the three high schools (240 learners). Qualitative data was analyzed thematically and the quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics methods. Consequently, the results from the two methods were compared and triangulated. Ethical precautionary measures were taken to avoid harm to the research participants. The study found that a variety of family, economic and environmental factors contribute to crime in schools. Findings of this study assist the teachers, learners, parents and the Department of Education authorities in the Vhembe District to gain a better understanding of the nature, causes and effects of crime among high school learners. Only a multi-pronged strategy can be effective in overcoming crime which is plaguing many high schools in South Africa.
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    Probing polygamous marriages in Zimbabwe
    (2016-05) Takayindisa, F. M.; Thobejane, T. D.; Mudau, T. J.
    See the attached abstract below
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    An investigation of the challenges being faced by female domestic workers in Thulamahashe Area of Mpumalanga Province
    (2016-05) Khosa, Sibongile; Thobejane, T. D.; Mudau, T. J.
    See the attached abstract below
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    Probing the Contributory Factors to the Phenomenon of Zimbabwe Unaccompanied Minors and Streetism in Musina Town
    (2016-05-18) Netshidongololwe, Tshilidzi Petunia; Raselokoane, N. R; Mudau, T. J.
    Migration is a global phenomenon prompted mainly by political and economic conditions. Many people migrate to other countries in search for better living conditions. However, migration may also bring about the problem of unaccompanied minors. As a result, many of these unaccompanied children end up in the streets because they have no one to fend for them. Street children are usually vulnerable to victimization, exploitation, and abuse of their civil, economic, sexual and health rights. This poses a serious challenge for the host country. This study aims to probe the contributory factors to the phenomenon of Zimbabwean unaccompanied minors and streetism in Musina town in Limpopo Province, South Africa. The study is also aimed at identifying intervention measures to address the impact of Zimbabwean unaccompanied minors and streetism in Musina town. The study uses a qualitative approach to get in-depth information on the contributory factors and experiences of streetism and Zimbabwean unaccompanied minors in Musina Town. The respondents of this study will be both male and female Zimbabwean unaccompanied minors between the ages of fourteen to seventeen in Musina. Face-to-face interviews will be used for data collection. Purposive and snowball sampling will be used to identify ten key respondents (street children) and eight complimentary respondents (stakeholders) to elicit data on the experiences of unaccompanied migration and streetism among Zimbabwean unaccompanied minors.
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    Student sexual harassment at a Rural University in South Africa: a case study of the University of Venda
    (2017-05-18) Siduna, Bongai; Mudau, T. J.; Raselekoane, N. R.
    Sexual harassment is identified as a widespread form of aggressive behavior with severe consequences for victims, organizations and institutions. The objectives of this study were to explore the perceptions of students on sexual harassment, to discover the common type of sexual harassment among students, to find out locations where sexual harassment occurs in the university, to explore contributory factors influencing sexual harassment among students, and to explore the effects of sexual harassment on students. The methodology that was applied in this study is was qualitative in nature. The researcher used open ended questions in interview to assess sexual harassment among students in the university. Non-probability sampling was used to select 16 respondents made up of 8 males and 8 females. Data was analyzed thematically by identifying and expanding significant themes that emerged from the informants’ responses. Ethical measures and trustworthiness were ensured. It appears common for sexual harassment victims to experience negative physiological effects and treatment for the victims and harassers is hindered because victims abscond reporting the incident. Sexual harassment occurs in and outside university buildings as shown in the study. Perpetrators of sexual harassment have evolved from males harassing females to female lesbians harassing other lesbians and male gays harassing other gays however, men are the harassers of others to a greater extent. Alcohol and drug use, dress code and age and level of study were major contributory factors of sexual harassment. It seemed common that verbal, physical and visual sexual harassment occur among students verbal sexual harassment being the most prevalent.
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    Contributory factors of conflict in intimate relationships among students: the case of the University of Venda
    (2017-05-18) Manjome, Joyce; Raselekoane, N. R.; Mudau, T. J.
    Conflicts in intimate relationships causes enormous problems for the well-being of individuals. Young people are particularly vulnerable as they may make bad choices or decisions that may breed conflict in their relationships. This may have far-reaching implications on their well-being. Such conflicts may lead to stress, isolation, violence and suicide among other things. The rate of conflict in intimate relationships has greatly increased among youths. The aim of this study was to explore the contributory factors to conflict in intimate relationships among students at the University of Venda. This study used a qualitative research approach and was exploratory in nature. The study was conducted at the University of Venda, Thohoyandou in Limpopo province, South Africa. The population of the study comprised of University of Venda’s students. Non-probability purposive technique was used for the selection of the study sample. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The interview guide was pre-tested in a pilot study involving the research participants to identify errors in the research questions and to ensure that the data collected would be relevant and as precise as possible. Findings from this study revealed how conflicts are bred in intimate relationships and the ways in which students react and deal with the conflict in intimate relationships. The research recommended that there should be laws enforced to protect the people in intimate relationships.
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    A Study of Multiple Causes of Recidivism Among Youth Offenders at Thohoyandou Female/Juvenile Correctional Centre in the Vhembe District, Limpopo Province
    (2017-05-18) Banda, Andrew; Mudau, T. J.; Raselekoane, N. R.
    This research was conducted in the Thohoyandou Correctional Centre within the Female/Juvenile place found in the Thulamela Municipality in the Vhembe District. It is approximately 200km to the north of Limpopo Provincial capital of Polokwane. It focuses on finding out factors that influence offenders to re-offend again, investigate recidivism among youth offenders and identify some of the problems relating to recidivism. The research consisted of juvenile offenders incarcerated in the Thohoyandou Correctional Centre within the juvenile area. Both groups of sentenced male and female juveniles participated in the study. The research used non-probability sampling. Purposive sampling was used to gather information within the Thohoyandou Correctional Centre. The research used interviews and focus group interviews as methods of collecting data. The interviews were conducted using English and Tshivenda then the responses were translated from Tshivenda to English. The researcher interviewed young offenders who have offended and re-offended. The researcher used grounded theory as a method to analyse data. This method helped the researcher to generate theory from the data collected
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    An exploration of experiences and sexual orientation of homosexual (LGBTIs) student of a TVET college in the Limpopo Province, South Africa
    (2017-08-18) Mahasha, Kelly; Maqubela, L. N.; Raselekoana, N. R.
    ‘Gonyalelwa lapa’ is a form of a marriage whereby a family marries a woman to a deceased son who passed on without having biological children, for the purpose of restoring or reviving the deceased’s name. The woman is married with her existing children, or to bear children who will take the surname of the deceased man. Women find it difficult to leave such marriages for the fear of losing their children whom they signed off by accepting to be married under this type of marriage. This study employs the feminist standpoint methodological approach in order to explore experiences of women who are married for ‘lapa’. The study purposefully selected a sample of 8 women who are married under ‘Gonyalelwa lapa’ as well as 4 key informants. Findings demonstrate that women marry for ‘lapa’ mainly for economic reasons, to escape stigmatization, for the acquisition of the marital surname, which is tied to being acknowledged, respected and recognized by the community. Nevertheless, these women face multidimensional challenges within their in-laws’ households: they receive no support from the inlaws; their girl-children suffer discrimination based on ‘sex-preference’, boys are given more value on the basis that a boy will be able to perpetuate a deceased man’s name. Most women married under this type of marriage suffer from emotional and economic abuse at the hands of their in-laws. The study reveals that these challenges are attributed to lack of physical presence of the husband in the family. The study recommends that a large scale study be conducted on this or related topic, to build knowledge and create an awareness of such a marriage as to facilitate its inclusion in Customary Marriage Act.
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    Probing the experiences of women within the practice of "Gonyalelwa lapa' among BaSotho ba Lebowa' Ga-Masemola Area Sekhukhune District, Makhudumathaga Municipality, Limpopo Province South Africa
    (2017-09-18) Kabekwa, Mmoledi; Maqubela, L. N.; Ramaite-Mafadza, P. E. A.; Lekganyane, G.
    ‘Gonyalelwa lapa’ is a form of a marriage whereby a family marries a woman to a deceased son who passed on without having biological children, for the purpose of restoring or reviving the deceased’s name. The woman is married with her existing children, or to bear children who will take the surname of the deceased man. Women find it difficult to leave such marriages for the fear of losing their children whom they signed off by accepting to be married under this type of marriage. This study employs the feminist standpoint methodological approach in order to explore experiences of women who are married for ‘lapa’. The study purposefully selected a sample of 8 women who are married under ‘Gonyalelwa lapa’ as well as 4 key informants. Findings demonstrate that women marry for ‘lapa’ mainly for economic reasons, to escape stigmatization, for the acquisition of the marital surname, which is tied to being acknowledged, respected and recognized by the community. Nevertheless, these women face multidimensional challenges within their in-laws’ households: they receive no support from the inlaws; their girl-children suffer discrimination based on ‘sex-preference’, boys are given more value on the basis that a boy will be able to perpetuate a deceased man’s name. Most women married under this type of marriage suffer from emotional and economic abuse at the hands of their in-laws. The study reveals that these challenges are attributed to lack of physical presence of the husband in the family. The study recommends that a large scale study be conducted on this or related topic, to build knowledge and create an awareness of such a marriage as to facilitate its inclusion in Customary Marriage Act.
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    Exploring experiences of female academics at a higher education institution Limpopo Province, South Africa
    (2017-09-18) Muleya, Abgirl; Maqubela, L. N.; Mulaudzi, T. P.
    Institutions of higher learning are still masculine-orientated; this creates a barrier for women in terms of career advancement. To this effect women are under-represented in top academic positions. The study employed qualitative research methods to explore factors that contribute to the under-representation of women in senior positions at the University of Venda. A combination of purposive and convenience sampling was used to select twenty five female academics (25). Data was collected through primary and secondary data, semi-structured interviews were used to elicit and illuminate women’s voices on issues that affect them and a thematic analysis was used to analyse the collected data. The research findings demonstrate that the University’s environment continues to be masculine-oriented within most of employment categories as well as in academia where women struggle to thrive. Women face multiple challenges in ascending the academic ladder which results in the under-representation of women in management and academic levels. These challenges included: the stringent criteria for promotion which do not seem to accommodate women, especially mothers, lack of female role-models, mentors and networks. The second major barrier is the teaching work-load which poses difficulties for women, preparations for teaching took long hours leaving them with no time for family, research, publication, as well as to further their studies, which are necessary requirements for promotion. The third major barrier women are faced with is the challenge of balancing multiple roles - as students, workers and mothers. Balancing these multiple roles makes it difficult for women to meet the highly stringent promotion criteria in the University
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    Gender-based knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of students towards the "ABC' HIV prevention strategy; a case study of University of Venda, Limpopo Province, South Africa
    (2017-09-18) Jabuli, M.; Maqubela, L. N.; Mudau, T. J.
    Extensive resources and information are available on HIV/AIDS, but there remain disparities between what is known and actual behavior, particularly among students at tertiary institutions. A lot has been done to create HIV awareness and prevent further infections among male and female students in Higher Education Institutions of South Africa. Despite the availability of information, awareness education and campaigns, free condoms and treatment, the HIV infections continue to increase in South Africa especially amongst the youth. The aim of the study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of male and female students at the University of Venda towards the “ABC” strategy for HIV prevention, and how these consequently influence their sexual behavior. Data was obtained from 32 students using a semistructured questionnaire. A non-probability, haphazard sampling technique was used to randomly select the participants. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used for data analysis. The study findings contend that knowledge of HIV and its prevention measures always translates to positive sexual behaviour, as university students were found to be knowledgeable enough, but their attitudes and sexual behaviour were found not to be consistent enough. The researcher recommends future researchers to focus on the factors that hinder sexual abstinence, fidelity in sexual relationships, and condom use amongst Higher Education students, towards creating safer environments for them.