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Browsing Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Education by Author "Babane, M. T."
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Item Open Access An investigation into the content of the further education and training (FET) phase home language curriculum and assessment policy statement (CAPS): a linguistic perspective(2019-05-18) Lumadi, Nnditsheni Irene; Babane, M. T.; Sadiki, M. F.The purpose of this study is to investigate the content of the Further Education and Training (FET) Phase Home Language (HL) Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS). The Tshivenḓa HL content was translated from English for teaching and learning purposes. The study adopted both the qualitative and quantitative approaches in order to attain holistic results. Data was collected through the use of questionnaires from educators and subject advisors. Document analysis was also used (by analysing CAPS documents). The findings of this study will benefit the South African society, especially the Tshivenḓa HL educators and learners. The educators believed that the Tshivenḓa newspapers articles are not well-taught because they are not available in Tshivenḓa and educators did not know how to prepare them. The study also revealed that there are no prefixes but suffixes for formulating antonyms in the Tshivenḓa HL, however both are found in the English HL. Furthermore, educators complained about the shortage of film study resources in literature which the department of education delivers late. The findings of the study suggest that Tshivenḓa newspapers should be reintroduced as they aid learning for learners, and enable educators to plan their lessons. Prefixes in the Tshivenḓa HL should be introduced so that learners are able to attach them in their words, similar to what do they do in the English HL. In addition, ample resources for HL literature such as textbooks, Television sets (TV), overhead projectors for film study, and other resources should be delivered timely.Item Open Access Language interference involving Isindebele and Kalanga in a selected secondary school in Bulilima District in Matabeleland South Province in Zimbabwe(2022-11-10) Bhebe, Cordial; Thwala, J. J.; Babane, M. T.The study was undertaken to investigate the language interference involving IsiNdebele and Kalanga in a selected secondary school of Bulilima District in Matabeleland South Province in Zimbabwe. Language interference refers to the effect of the learners’ mother tongue on their production of the target language. The population of Bulilima District is largely of Kalanga speakers, hence Kalanga is the indigenous and dominant language in the district. Although the dominant language spoken in Bulilima is Kalanga, learners in secondary schools learn IsiNdebele, which is their second indigenous language. It is in the light of this observation that this study examined the interference of Kalanga, as the mother-tongue, in the learning and teaching of IsiNdebele as a subject among learners from predominantly Kalanga-speaking communities. While it cannot be disputed that children may acquire a second language naturally or informally, the reality of the situation in Bulilima District is that IsiNdebele is not their first language. Thus, one way or the other, they experience problems and/or challenges in their teaching and learning processes. The study used a qualitative research paradigm and purposively selected a secondary school in a predominately Kalanga-speech community in Bulilima District. Data collection instruments used in this study included interviews, observations and document analysis. The collected data were qualitatively analysed and presented through descriptive and narratives, depending on the nature of the given responses. The study concluded with recommendations based on the research findings highlighted following the Zimbabwe language policy on teaching and learning of languages in multilingual communities.Item Open Access Mitlhonthlo ya vutoloki ku suka eka xinghezi ku ya eka Xitsonga etikerekeni ta manguvalawa exifundzenintsongo xa Vhembe Limpopo(2020) Rikhotso, S; Babane, M. T.; Chauke, M. T.Ndzavisiso lowu a wu langutanile ni vutoloki etikerekeni. Vutoloki lebyi hi ntolovelo byi tirhisiwa tanihi vuhlanganisi exikarhi ka vanhu va tinxaka to hambanahambana ka swa tindzimi xikan’we ni ndhavuko wa vona. Ku ya hi Pochhaker (2014:11) theme ra vutoloki, tanihi vuhundzuluxi lebyi byi khumbaka ririmi ro sungula ku ya eka ririmi ra vayingiseri. Ku va vutoloki lebyi byi va bya risima xikan’we na ku humelela kahle, tindzimi timbirhi ta khumbeka. Xikongomelonkulu xa ndzavisiso lowu a ku ri ku xopaxopa xikan’we ni ku paluxa mitlhontlho ni swiphiqo leswi vatoloki va hlanganaka na swona etikerekeni ta manguvalawa erixakeni ra Vatsonga. Hi ku landza nhlokomhaka ya ndzavisiso lowu, dizayini ya ndzavisiso yi vile ya maendlelo ma nkoka hi xikongomelo xo lava ku hlamula swivutiso swa ndzavisiso. Maendlelo ma vuxiyaxiya na nhlokohliso wa swivutiso ma tirhisiwile ku hlengeleta vuxokoxoko bya ndzavisiso lowu. Ku kota ku fikelela ni ku humesela ehandle mitlhontlho etikerekeni hi nkarhi wa michumayelo, ku nhlokohlisiwile vatoloki va makumembirhi. Vuxokoxoko hinkwabyo byi hlayisiwile ni ku rhikhodiwa hi thepi ya mpimo na xikalo xa H4. Tikereke leti ti tirhisiweke eka ndzavisiso lowu ti hlawuriwile hi ku landza mahlawulelo ya sampulu. Ndzavisiso lowu wu humeserile yin’wana ya mitlhontlho ya vutoloki yo fana ni ya ku pfumaleka ka ku hetiseka ka ririmi, ku siyetiwa ka mahungu, rivilo ra muchumayeri, ku siyeta ni swivulwa swo kala nkoxometo na swin’wana. Mimbuyelo yi humelerisile swin’wana swa swivangelo swa mitlhontlho leyi leswaku swi va kona hi ku pfumaleka ka vatoloki lava va tokoteke eka swa vutoloki. Ku va tikereke ti va ni mitolovelo ya ku tolokisa vanhu lava va nga na vutivi bya tindzimi timbirhi hi wun’wana tlhontlho. Xin’wana xa swibumabumelo swa ndzavisiso lowu hileswaku vuleteri byi endliwa tanihi ndlela yo antswisa ntokoto wa vutoloki, xikan’we ni ku dyondzisa vatoloki hi tinxaka ta vutoloki ni maendlelo ma kona. Ndzavisiso lowu wu ni nkoka eka vatoloki, vachumayeri, kereke xikan’we na nhlengeletano. The focus of this study was church interpreting, which is commonly used to facilitate communication between individuals and groups of different linguistic and cultural backgrounds. According to Pochhacker (2004:11) the term interpreting refers to a form of translation in which a first and final rendition in another language is produced based on a one-time presentation of an utterance in a source language. For effective and efficient interpreting to take place, two languages were involved. The main aim of this study was to explore the challenges and problems faced by church interpreters in some selected charismatic churches in Vatsonga communities. The nature of this study dictated that the qualitative approach be employed in order to provide credible and trustworthy answers to its research questions. The data was collected in the natural setting of the participants. In this approach, two research techniques were used, namely, observation and interviews methods. Church observations and twenty participants were interviewed to establish the challenges they face during church sermon interpreting. All the interviews were audio-taped using the Zoom H4 digital recorder. Purposive sampling was used to select the churches and the interpreters who took part in this study. The study revealed that there were several challenges such as linguistic competence, abandonment of messages, tempo of the preachers, skipping and incomplete sentences facing church interpreters. The results revealed that some of these challenges were because church interpreters might not have received formal training on how to interpret, and that they did not have enough knowledge in interpreting. It was often assumed that anyone who speaks more than one language could be a church interpreter. A workshop was conducted as an intervention to improve the interpreting skills of the interpreters and to teach them different interpreting strategies and methods. This study would be important to the interpreters, preachers and the church congregation.Item Open Access Mpaluxo wa mbangu eka mahungutsalwa ya tsevu ya Xitsonga(2016-02-11) Mathebula, Tsakani Mavis; Babane, M. T.; Chauke, M. T.Item Open Access Mpimanyiso wa mikongomelo ya switlokovetselo swa Xitsonga hi nkkarhi wa xihlawuhlawu na hiwa Xidemokirasi eAfrika-Dzonga(2020-09-18) Nkuna, Nyeleti Venus; Chauke, M. T.; Babane, M. T.Ndzavisiso lowu wu xopaxopa ntlhanu wa mihlengelo wa tibuku ta vutlhokovetseri leti tsariweke hi vatsari vo hambana. Tsalwa rin’wana na rin’wana ri xopaxopile hi ku tirhisa maendlelo ya matsalwa na vundzeni bya wona hi xikongomelo xo thumba swihlawulekisinene na nkalaswihlawulekisinene. Switlhokovetselo leswi hlawuriweke swi xopaxopiwile hi xikongomelo xo twisisa nhlokomhaka na vundzeni bya leswi mihlengelo ya vutlhokovetseri yi vulaka kumbe ku yimela swona. Maendlelo yo pimanisa tanihi maendlelo ya vuthekiniki ya matsalwa ya tirhisiwile ku tisa ku twisisa na ku hundzuluxa mavonelo hi ku xopaxopiwa ka swikhedzakhedzana leswi yelanaka. Xikongomelonkulu xa ndzavisiso i ku xopaxopa na ku kombisa mikongomelo yo hambanahambana eka mihlengelo ya ntlhanu leyi hlawuriweke. Ndzavisiso lowu wu ringetile ku humesela erivaleni mikongomelo ya vutlhokovetseri lebyi tsariweke hi nkarhi wa xihlawuhlawu na hi wa xidemokirasi tanihi loko matsalwa lama tirhisiweke ma tsariwile hi mikarhi yo hambana na malembe yo hambana. Ndzavisiso lowu wu simekiwile ehenhla ka thiyori ya Braun and Clarke ya thematiki, laha va kombisaka leswaku thiyori ya thematiki i ndlela ya ku xopaxopa hi xikongomelo xo lava ku kuma leswi nchumu wu yimelaka swona kumbe ku vula swona. Nxopaxopo lowu wu humeserile erivaleni ndlela leyi vatsari va titwisa xiswona hi nkarhi wa ntshikelelo na wa xidemokirasi eAfrika-Dzonga. Hi ku angarhela, ndzavisiso lowu wu “qualitative”. Matsalwa lama xopaxopiweke hi lama landzelaka: Chochela-mandleni (1965) hi Masebenza BJ, Macakala ya mieehleketo (1982) hi Mayevu GS, Mbita ya vulombe (1988) hi Nkondo WZ, Vutomi byi hundzulerile (1996) hi Malungana SJ na Babane MT, Ri ta pela (2009) hi Magaisa TP, Xikolokolo nguvu ya Pitori (1987) hi Magaisa JM, Rihojahoja ra vutlhokovetseri (1996) hi Marhanele MM, Nkwangulatilo II (1998) hi Makhuba NC, Mbita ya nsuku (2008) hi Nxumalo WS na Maluleke NJ, Xihungasi (1973) hi Maphalakasi GJ.Item Open Access Multilingualism as tool to a journalism career with special reference to journalism programmes in higher education(2016-05) Mamabolo - Makgopa, Kegaugetjwe Maebe; Mphasha, L. E.; Babane, M. T.See the attached abstract belowItem Open Access Nkanelo wa matirhiselo ya ririmi Epalamente ya Limpopo ku kongomisa eka Xitsonga(2013-09) Mabunda, Thembi Muriel; Babane, M. T.; Legislative bodies -- South Africa -- Limpopo; Unparliamentary language; Tsonga language -- South Africa -- Limpopo; Limpopo Provincial Parliament (South Africa); Legislators -- South Africa -- LimpopoSee the attached abstract belowItem Open Access Nkanelo wa mtolovelo ya Machangana na swivangelo swa ku nyamalala ka yona exifunweni xa N'wanedzi Ezimbabwe(2016-05-18) Chauke, Juliana; Babane, M. T.; Hlungwani, M. C.This study is an investigation of Shangani rituals in the Shangaan communities with specific reference to N’wanedzi and Chiredzi District in Zimbabwe. The study analyses the relevance of Shangaan rituals and how they can be performed and preserved. Rituals are cultural or religious ceremonies performed according to the prescribed social rules and customs. Rituals of various kinds are a feature of almost all known human societies but each community has specific rituals that can be prescribed by the tradition of that community. These rituals are critical to individual and community development. The study also examined the extent to which the Shangaan rituals have disappeared and how the socio-economic lives of the Shangaan communities have been affected. The study also highlighted what best can be done to promote rituals, the attitudes of the Shangaan people towards rituals and importance of reviving them. The study is qualitative in nature henceforth the researcher will employ qualitative approach to collect data. The research technique to be used will be interviews and observations. Although the essence of the study will be generalised to the whole of Shangaan speakers, the field will be delimited to N’wanedzi District in Zimbabwe. Data will be analysed using thematic qualitative method. Through this method of analysing data, a number of themes will be identified conveying the findings and making an interpretation of the meaning of the data. Chapter I focuses on the background, research problem, rationale of the study, aims and objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study, theory of the study, definition of terms which were mostly used in the research, and methods of analyising data. Chapter 2 deals with literature review whereby the researcher will explore work done by other scholars related to rituals .Research to be reviewed includes dissertations, thesis books and articles that have addressed issues like the importance of rituals in society. Chapter 3 deals with research methodology and data analysis. Research methodology is the plan for selecting subjects and data collection procedures to answer a research question. The study shall employ two data collection techniques namely interviews and observations. vii Chapter 4 is an analysis of Shangaan rituals, death rituals that is the announcement of death, the burial of chiefs, family head and kids, the unveiling of the tombstone, appeasing of family and national spirits and the reasons for their disappearance among the Shangaan. Chapter 5 is an analysis of Shangaan rituals like the rainmaking ceremony, Christian’s participation in praying for rain, the first fruit festival, male circumcision and girls initiation rites. The chapter also focuses on the attitudes of the Shangaans towards rituals and the importance of reviving them. Chapter 6 provides an overview of entire the study, research findings, conclusions and recommendations.Item Open Access Nkanelo wa ndhawu ya Xitsonga exikarhi ka tindziminyingi ta Afrika-Dzhonga(2019) Nxumalo, Julia; Chauke, M. T.; Babane, M. T.Ku va tiko ra Afrika-Dzonga ri simekile mfumo wa xidemokirasi hi 1994 swi vile mhaka yo saseka na ku va ndzhuti wa Vantima wu vuyiseriwa evutshan’wini bya wona. Mfumo wa xidimokirasi wu katsa na timhaka ta ndzingano wa tindzimi. Ndzavisiso lowu wu kanerile timfanelo ta tindzimi ni matimba ya tindzimi tin’wana hi ku langutisa ndhawu ya Xitsonga exikarhi ka tindziminyingi ta Afrika-Dzonga. Ndzavisiso lowu wu tirhisile maendlelo ya nongonoko wa swivutiso ku hlengeleta mahungu ya nkoka. Lawa i maendlelo ya swivutiso yo tsala kunene. Hi maendlelo lawa machudeni yo ringana makumembirhi lawa ya endlaka lembe ro hetelela ra Xitsonga na lama endlaka masitasi ya Xitsonga eyunivhesiti yin’we eAfrika-Dzonga va nyikiwile maphepha ya swivutiso kutani va hlamula hi ku tsala. Mulavisisi u kotile ku kuma mahungu eka machudeni mayelana na mavonelo ya vona ya ndhawu ya Xitsonga exikarhi ka tindziminyingi ta Afrika-Dzonga. Eka ndzavisiso lowu maendlelo ya nkoka na wona ma tirhisiwile. Wonaya tirhisiwile ku kombisa mavonelo ya vatekaxiave hi ku ya tlhantlha na ku ya hlamusela hi ku enta.Maendlelo ya nxopaxopo wa switsariwa ya tirhisiwile. Hi maendlelo lawa mulavisisi u anamisile miehleketo ya yena hi ku hlaya tibuku, tipholisi na milawu leyi khumbaka timhaka ta ririmi. Ndzavisiso lowu wu tirhisile thiyori ya ‘the universality and relativity of human rights, leyi yi boxaka leswaku timfanelo ta munhu hi leti munhu a nga na tona hikuva munhu i munhu. Hi ku kongomisa, timfanelo ta munhu i masungusungu ya vumunhu. Ndzavisiso lowu i wa nkoka hikuva wu ta endla leswaku vavulavuri va tindzimi leti nga na matimba lamatsongo va tiva timfanelo ta vona.Tlhandlakambirhi, vavulavuri va tindzimi leti nga na matimba lamatsongo na vona va ta titwa leswaku ririmi ra vona i ra nkoka exikarhi ka tiko ra tindziminyingi. Hi nga dlayiseta hi ku vula leswaku vavulavuri va Xitsonga hi ku kongomisa eka ndzavisiso lowu, va ta kota ku swi vona leswaku na vona va na lunghelo mayelana na vukorhokeri na nhluvukiso wa ririmi ra vona.Item Open Access Nkanelo wa ntshikelelo wa xinghezi eka swephemu swin'wana swa Xitsonga(2014-11-03) Mkhavele, Khombumuni Julia; ; Babane, M. T.Item Open Access Nkanelo wa swikholwakholwana leswi fambelanaka na swiharhi na swinyenyana en'wanedzi etikweni ra Zimbabwe(2017-05-18) Peni, Lawrance; Babane, M. T.; Hlungwani, M. C.This research describes and discusses the superstitions which are on the verge of dying out in Zimbabwe. The aim of this study is to explore various animals and birds superstitions predominantly among Machangana. The researcher shall use a qualitative method and data shall be attained through the use of interviews and the researcher will listen to and sometimes converse with the participants in a conducive manner. The researcher shall gather birds and animals superstitions from old people who are fifty years and above because they are experienced and well versed in that area. This research targets the people of N’wanedzi District that is located in the South Eastern part of Zimbabwe. Furthermore, the total number of participants shall be fifteen and shall be randomly sampled to attain authentic information and the method of the data analysis which shall be used is thematic qualitative analysis where the researcher shall use his own discretions. The study shall be of great use to the schools, higher and tertiary institutions and the entire society.Item Open Access Nkanelo wa Swin'wana swa Swithopho swa Swivongo na Nkacetelo wa Swona eka Vatsonga(2019-09-20) Mathevula, Delvah; Chauke, M. T.; Babane, M. T.Ndzavisiso lowu wu kanela hilaha swithopo swi nga na nkucetelo hakona eka mahanyelo ya Vatsonga. Nkoka wa dyondzo leyi i ku komba Vatsonga laha va humaka kona na mahanyelo lama hlohloteriwaka hi swithopo swa swivongo swa vona. Xikongomelonkulu xa ndzavisiso lowu i ku lavisisa swin’wana swa swithopo swa swivongo swa Vatsonga na nkucetelo wa swona evuton’wini bya vanhu lava. Ntirho lowu wu ta languta swithopo swa makumembirhin’we leswi nga kona eka swivongo swa Vatsonga. Mulavisisi u hlawurile swivongo handle ko landzelela maendlelo yo karhi, kambe u ta hlawula ngopfu swivongo leswi kumekaka hi xitalo kumbe leswi taleleke hi vavulavuri eka Vatsonga. Nkanelo wa mahungu wu langute eka swihlawulekisi swa swithopo swa swivongo na nkucetelo eka vinyi va swona. Vakhegula na vakhalabye vo ringana ntlhanu eka xivongo xin’wana na xin’wana lava nga na vutivi bya matimu ya swivongo va hlokohlisiwile ku kuma swithopo na matimu ya swona eka xivongo xin’wana na xin’wana.Item Open Access Nkanelo wa swin'wana swa swixevo swa ndhavuko wa Vatsonga(2013-09) Ngomani, Makhosani Joseph; Chauke, M. T.; Babane, M. T.See the attached abstract belowItem Open Access Nkanelo wa theme ra "Thriller" eka tinovhele ta ntlhanu leti hlawuriweke ta Xitsonga(2011-09) Mabaso-Nkuna, Raesibe Florah; Babane, M. T.See the attached abstract belowItem Open Access Nkanelo wa vuhumelerisi bya pholisi ya ririmi eka dyondzo ku sukela hi nkarhi wa mfumo wa Xihlawuhlawu ku fika hi nkarhi wa xidemokirasi hi ku kongomisa eka Xitsonga(2019-09-20) Chauke, Hlayisi Michael; Chauke, M. T.; Babane, M. T.Vanhu vo tala va vile xiphemu lexi endleke leswaku ndzavisiso lowu wu humelela. Ndzi khensa nghamu na vana lava va ndzi hlohloteleke no ndzi seketela hi mianakanyo. Ndzi tata ku khensa eka vatswari lava va nga phuphu ya mina. Vamakwerhu lava a va ndzi khutaza eka gondzo leri a ri nga olovi, kambe va ri olovisa leswaku ndzi kota ku rhelela. Ndzi ri, xandla eka henhla xin’wana xandla! Eka wena mudzaberi wa thesisi leyi, Dokodela Chauke M.T, namuntlha ndzi dya mihandzu leyi u tikarhateke swinene hi ku chela manyoro u cheleta yi kala yi vupfa. U bile comana swikwembu swi kala swi huma kutani namuntlha ndzi thwasile hikuva nyongwa se ndzi yi khomile hi mavoko ya mina. Dokodela Babane M.T na wena u vile mupfuneti wa mudzaberi hi vutshembeki. Tatana Maluleke (Ngwenya) Tinyiko na vapfuneti va wena hi tlhelo ra ku thayipa xitsariwa lexi wa khensiwa. Hakunene u ngwenya. Sesi Kudakwashe Chirobe, nseketelo na mitirho ya wena eka vuhumelerisi bya thesisi leyi swi khenseka hi xiheri (Zvakanaka shamwari!). buti Respect Mlambo na wena sesi Kudakwashe migingiriko ya n’wina ya ku ya hala na hala ku tiyisisa leswaku xitsariwa lexi xi tixaxametisa na swilaveko swa xihofisi swi tswarile mihandzu leyinene. I vanyingi lava hoxeke xandla ehenhla ka ndzavisiso lowu, ndzi ba mandla ndzi vuyelela eka n’wina hinkwenu handle ko mi hlaya hi mavito. Ndzi tlangela ku humelerisiwa ka mafumelo ya xidemokirasi laha Afrika-Dzonga. Swi ta va swi nga hetisekangi eka mina ku va ndzi vulavula hi xidemokirasi xa Afrika-Dzonga loko vito ra Dokodela Rolihlahla Mandela ri nga boxiwangi. Hi un’wana wa tinghanakana ta valweri va ndzingandzingano wa tindzimi eka swin’wana swa swona. Ingi moya wa yena wu nga wisa hi kurhula swinene. Eku heteleleni, ndzi khensa Muvumbi tanihileswi masungulo ya vutlhari ku nga ku chava Yehovha. Hi yena loyi a ndzi tsetseleleke no ndzi hletela ku kondza ndzi gwaza.Item Open Access Nkoka wa tindziminyingi eku humeleleni ka swatidyondzo ta machudeni ya lembe ro sungula Eyunivhesiti ya Vhenda hi ku kungomisa eka Vatsonga(2018-05-18) Vuma, Mbhazima Jismon; Babane, M. T.; Mushwana, T.Xikongomelonkulu xa ndzavisiso lowu i ku lava ku andlala ntirho lowu wu tirhiwaka hi vutivi bya tindziminyingi hi ku kongomisa eka Vatsonga va lembe ro sungula eYunivhesiti ya Vhenda. Xikongomelo xin’wana xa ndzavisiso lowu i ku lava ku kumisisa ndlela leyi mhaka ya vutivi bya tindziminyingi yi vuyerisaka machudeni ha kona loko va ri karhi va ti nghenelerisa eka minhjekanjhekisano ya swa tidyondzo. Theme leri ra tindziminyingi ri tumbulukile khale hi nkarhi wa ku akiwa ka xihondzo ya Babel. Theme leri ri kongomisa eka xiyimo laha munhu a nga ni vuswikoti bya ku tirhisa tindzimi timbirhi kumbe ku tlula. Dyondzo ya tindziminyingi yi tanihi tidyondzo letin’wana hikuva nayona yi va yi simekiwile eka rimba ra dyondzo yoyoleyo. Ndzavisiso lowu wu simekiwile eka Thiyori ya Affordances. Xikongomelo xa ku va hi hlawuriwile thiyori i mhaka ya leswaku eYunivhesiti ya Vhenda ku kumeka vanhu vo hlaya laha swi nyikaka nkarhi eka machudeni ku va va dyondza tindzimi ta van’wana machudeni leswaku va oloveriwa hi swa tidyondzo ta vona. Dyondzo kumbe ndzavisiso lowu wu tirhisa tindlela timbirhi to hlengeleta mahungu, ku nga endlelo ra nkoka ni endlelo ra ntalo laha swi nga ta endliwa eYunivhesiti ya Vhenda. Machudeni lawa ya ta hlawuriwa hi ku tirhisa endlelo ra sampula ya xikongomelo laha ku nga ta hlawuriwa machudeni ya khumetsevu ku suka eka swikolo swo hambanahambana swa le yunivhesiti leyi. Vuxokoxoko byi ta hlengeletiwa hi ku tirhisa maendlelo ya vuxiyaxiya ni maendlelo ya Nongonoko wa swivutiso laha machudeni ya nga ta vutisiwa swi vutiso swo karhi. Hambiloko swi ti komba onge ririmi ra Xinghezi hi rona ririmi ra matimba eka swa tidyondzo kambe tindzimi ta Xintima na tona ta tirhisiwa swinene eka swa tidyondzo ta vona. Vulavisisi byi komba leswaku mhaka ya tindziminyingi yi ni xiave xikulu swinene eka ku pfuna machudeni loko ya ri karhi ya burisana hi mhaka ya swa tidyondzo ta vona. Ndzavisiso lowu wu ni nkoka swinene eka vanhu lava vatsakelaka ku hlaya ni ku hluvukisa tindzimi ta Xintima.Item Open Access Nkucetelo wa mavito ya xilungu eka mathyelo ya mavito ya vanhu eka Vatsonga va le ka Muhlava(2019-05-18) Mathebula, Onasiss; Chauke, M. T.; Babane, M. T.Ndzavisiso lowu wu lava ku kombisa nkucetelo lowu Xilungu xi nga na wona eka mathyelo ya mavito ya vanhu eka Xitsonga. Ku thyiwa ka mavito ya munhu ku na ntikelo lowukulu eka vanhu hikuva ku komba ndhavuko, matitwelo, mitolovelo, maendlelo, ku navela na ripfumelo ra vanhu va rixaka ro karhi. Hi xitalo mavito ya tisa hungu ro karhi endyangwini, emugangeni kumbe etikweni; hileswaku hungu leri ri nga eka vito ri nga kongomisiwa eka n’wini wa vito kumbe eka vanhu van’wana erixakeni. EAfrika mavito a ya thyiwi ntsenantsena kambe ya thyiwa hikuva ya ri na nhlamuselo yo karhi. Ndzavisiso lowu wu kombisile switandzhaku swo biha leswi va ka kona loko Vatsonga va nga tirhisi mavito ya Xitsonga ku thya vana va vona. Ndzavisiso wu ta tlherile wu languta swivangelo leswi endlaka leswaku Vatsonga va thya vana mavito ya Xilungu. Xo hetelela, ndzavisiso wu langutile tindlela leti nga tirhisiwa ku endla leswaku Vatsonga va tirhisa mavito ya Xitsonga ematshan’wini ya Xilungu.Item Open Access Nxopaxopo wa kholokhexini ya swivulavulelo swa maendli mo vulavula hi ku dya eka Xitsonga (An analysis of collocation of idioms derived from verbs of ingestion in Xitsonga)(2018-05-18) Masia, Hlupheka Enock; Hlungwani, M. C.; Babane, M. T.Ndzavisiso lowu wu wela ehansi ka dyondzonkulu ya semantiki, naswona wu kongomana ni kholokhexini eka Xitsonga. Ndzavisiso wu xopaxopa swivulavulelo swa maendli yo vulavula hi ku dya ku kuma tipatironi ta tikholokhexini leti humelelaka nawona ni tinhlamuselo leti humeseriwaka erivaleni hi tipatironi toleto. Xikongomelo xin’wana i ku kuma ntsengo wa tinxaka ta tikholokheti leti talaka ni leti nga taliki ku humelela na maendli yo vulavula hi ku dya. Eka ndzavisiso lowu ku tirhisiwa thiyori ya “Norms and Exploitations” leyi tshuriweke hi Hanks (2004). Thiyori leyi yi hlamusela leswaku rito i tshaku eka kholokhexini, kambe ku nga ri eka xivumbeko xa vulongoloxamarito. Mahungu ya ndzavisiso lowu ma hlengeletiwile hi ku tsavula swivulavulelo swa Xitsonga leswi vulavulaka hi maendli yo dya ku suka eka matsalwa ya vatsari lava landzelaka: Ntsanwisi, H.W.E. (1968): Tsonga Idioms; Bila, V. na Marhanele, M.M. (2016): Tihlungu ta Rixaka. Dikixinari ya Ririmi ra Xitsonga; Baloyi, P.B. (1988): Vulombe bya mitsheketo; Magagane, M.G. (2004): Tolo na Tolweni; Maluleke, A.V. Maluleke, G.V. na Malungana, S.J. (2004): Magenge ya Ntumbuluko; Maluleke, S.S. (1995): Vamandika na Vanyankwave; Malungana, S.J. (1997): Timitsu ta Vatsonga; Malungana, S.J. (1997): Vele ra Makwenu; Malungana, S.J. (1997): Mfuwo wa Rixaka i Xifuva; Malungana, S.J. (1998): Tinhlanga ta mfuwo wa Rixaka; Malungana, S.J. (1999): Mbewu ya Vatsonga; Malungana, S.J. (2005): Siku Rin’wana; Manganyi, K.T.C. (1995): Garingani; Malungana M. na Ngobeni B.M. (2006): Nhlalala ya Rixaka; Rikhotso, F. (1993): Khale ka Makwangala; Rikhotso, F. (1995): Ndzhaka Yerhu, Rikhotso, F. (1996): Phehlwa ra Gwambe na Dzavana; Ngobeni, B.M. (2004): A hi tsheketeni; Nkuna, B. (2007): Emarhumbini; Thuketana, F.A (1991): N’wambilu Makokoro na Shabangu, I.S. (2006): Vuxaka bya Nkava ni Rhumbu, ni swivulavulelo swo huma eka tibuku ta ntivoririmi ta Marivate, C.T.D na Mathumba, D.I. (1974): Xitsonga xa Rixaladza; Marivate, C.T.D., Mathumba, D.I. na B.J. Masebenza, B.J. (1976): Mayana Xitsonga Ntangha 6; Marivate, C.T.D., Mathumba, D.I. na Masebenza, B.J. (1974): Mayana Xitsonga fomo II; Marivate, C.T.D., Mathumba, D.I. na Masebenza, B.J. (1975): Mayana Xitsonga Ntangha 8; Mayevu, G.S. Mayevu na Nkatini, N.L. (1976) na N.L. Nkatini (1976): Xihluke xa Xitsonga fomo III; Xingulana xa Ririmi; Marhanele, M.M. (1981): Nkondo, C.P.N, (1981): Xiletelo xa Xitsonga; Mushwana, S.E. na Ndhlovu, M.M. (1988): Ririmi ra Manana; Mushwana, S.E. na Ndhlovu, M.M. (1987): Ririmi ra Manana; Mkhari, N.B. na Shikwambana, J.M. (1988): Ririmi ra Manana; Mkhari, N.B. na Shikwambana, J.M. (1987): Ririmi ra Manana; Shabangu, I.S. (1996): Nyeleti ya Mahlahle; Shabangu, I.S. (2006): Xiseluselu; Shabangu, I.S. (2007): Xiseluselu na Mabunda, N.V, Mabunda, P.N. na Nkuzana, K.J. (1991): Xitsonga xa Vagingiriki. Mahungu ya ndzavisiso lowu ma xopaxopiwa hi ku tirhisa nxopaxopo wa patironi ya khophasi (Corpus Pattern Analysis) leyi eka yona nhlamuselo ya rito yi fambelanisiwaka ni matirhiselo ya rona eka tipatironi ta tikholokhexini. Ndzavisiso lowu wu tlhela wu xopaxopiwa hi ku tirhisa nxopaxopo wa maavelo ya ntsengo (Quantitative Distributional Analysis) ku kuma tipatironi eka ntsemakanyo wa xiyimo xa nkoka xa swa tinhlayo ta tikholokhexini ta marito lama valangiwaka.Item Open Access Nxopaxopo wa maendli mo susa ma xiendliwa xinwe eka Xitsong hi ku kongomisa eka tinxakankulu tinharhu ta: Basisa, Sula na Susa(2019-05-16) Maswanganyi, Khazamula Negroes; Hlungwani, M. C.; Babane, M. T.Xikongomelonkulu xa ndzavisiso lowu i ku xopaxopa maendli mo susa ma xiendliwa xin’we eka Xitsonga hi ku kongomisa eka tindlela leti ma tirhaka hatona exivulweni. Xikongomelo lexi xi aviwa hi marhavi manharhu. Rhavi ro sungula ri kongomana na ku xopaxopa maendli mo susa lama paluxaka mukhuva na mbuyelo hi xikongomelo xo kumisisa michumu leyi nga tirhaka tanihi tiagumente ta nhlokomhaka na tiagumente ta swiendliwa, xikan’we na ku lavisisa michumu leyi nga tirhaka tanihi switirho swa maendli mo susa. Rhavi ra vumbirhi rona ri langutana na ku lavisisa maendli mo susa ma xiendliwa xin’we lama paluxaka mukhuva na mbuyelo lama tirheke eswivulweni ma ri na swivulwana swa mahlanganisi swa xivangelo, xikongomelo na xipimelo. Kasi rhavi ra vunharhu ri tirhana no kambisisa tinhlamuselo/mitirho ya xisemantiki leyi nyikiwaka tiagumemnte hi maendli mo susa ma xiendliwa xin’we lama paluxaka mukhuva na mbuyelo. Eka ndzavisiso lowu ku tirhisiwa thiyori ya vunongoti, ku nga thiyori leyi kongomanaka na ndlela leyi vanhu va twisisaka xiswona marito. Mhaka leyi endlekaka eka thiyori leyi, hi leswi vanhu va twisisaka xiswona marito emiehleketweni ya vona eka leswi ma vulaka swona hi ku angarhela. Swiphemu swa nkoka leswi thiyori leyi yi jikajikaka eka swona i nhlokomhaka leyi nga xiendli xa leswi susiwaka, riendli leri hlamuselaka leswi susiwaka na hilaha swi susiwaka hakona, xiendliwa lexi khumbekaka hileswi vuriwaka hi riendli, na xilandzelandzhaku lexi nga vaka ndhawu, xitirho na swin’wana ni swin’wana. Ndzavisiso lowu wu endliwa hi ku landzelela maendlelo ma nkoka, laha ku nga na maendlelo mambirhi mo kongoma ehansi ka wona; ku nga mo tirhisa ntlawa wo karhi wa vavulavuri va Xitsonga lava nga xiyayiya swivulwa leswi mulavisisi a swi vumbeke leswi vaka swi tirhisile maendli mo susa. Mulavisisi u lulamisile papila ra swivutiso leri longoloxeke swivulwa leswi a lavaka leswaku vavulavuri lava va swi xiyayiya ku xiya loko swi twala kumbe swi nga twali na maendlelo ma nxopaxopo wa vundzeni bya tsalwa lama tirhisiwaka ku xopaxopa swivulwa leswi nga tirhisiwa tanihi mahungu ya ndzavisiso lowu.Item Open Access Nxopaxopo wa mahungu ya xilingwisitiki eka swihluvi swin'wana swa mbulavulo eka dikixinari ya Tsonga-English dictionary ya Cuenod, R.(2016-02-12) Mpapa, Memory; Hlungwane, M. C.; Babane, M. T.