Food security, academic performance and physical well-being amongst students at the University of Venda

Abstract

Introduction: Food insecurity remains a significant concern amongst university students, contributing to poor nutrition, reduced academic performance, and compromised physical well-being. Understanding this relationship is crucial for enhancing student outcomes and reducing inequalities in higher education. Aim: This study investigated the relationship between food security, academic performance, and physical well-being amongst students at the University of Venda. Methodology: The study employed a cross-sectional, stratified random sampling design. A total of 319 students, aged 18–23 years, residing both on and off campus, participated in the study. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) summarised the data, while correlation and p-values tested the relationships amongst variables. Results: Males 53% and females 47%. Approximately 40,4% of students experienced some level of food insecurity, with 6,3% experiencing moderate food insecurity and 0,9% experiencing severe food insecurity. Most students 72,7% reported being physically healthy, though fewer engaged in regular exercise or maintained balanced diets. Academically, 84,3% demonstrated high motivation, and 79,3% reported effective collaboration; however, 45,8% felt overwhelmed by their workload. Weak positive correlations were observed between food security and both academic performance (ρ = 0.18) and physical well-being (ρ = 0.043), while a moderate relationship existed between academic performance and physical well-being (ρ = 0.429). Conclusion: Food insecurity has a detrimental impact on students’ academic and health outcomes. Institutional interventions promoting nutrition support and wellness programmes are essential to enhance student success and overall well-being.