Outcomes

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Open Access
Factors leading mental health care users to use modern and traditional medicine in rural areas of Makhado Municipality in the Vhembe District of Limpopo Province in South Africa
(207-09-18) Gomba, Thomani; Netshandama, V. O.; Mudau, M. J.
Traditional medicine still plays a bigger role in people dealing with health and disease. Research shows that in some Asian and African countries, traditional medicine forms the primary mode of health care for 80% of the population. This is actively promoted in South Africa and is used by at least 70% of the country’s population. This study investigated the contributory factors leading mental health care users to use a combination of traditional and modern medicine in rural areas. The study was conducted using qualitative research methods. The population of this study were MHCUs, Mental health practitioners and traditional healers. Purposive sampling was used to select participants. Data was analyzed through a computer programme called Atlas TI. The results revealed the following as contributory factors leading mental health care users to use modern and traditional medicine in rural areas : cultural factor , belief in witch craft , influence by significant others (family members and friends), poor PHC intervention and treatment method. Recommendations to the health care practitioners and policy makers around the use of traditional and modern medicine was made based on the findings.
Open Access
An investigation into the implementation of the National Policy on District Support Services for effective teaching and learning at school level
(2005) Masipa, Mokgadi Maggie; Bayona, E. L. M.
This study examines the extent to which education districts in the Limpopo Province support effective teaching and learning at school level, with general applicability to similar education districts in South Africa and elsewhere. The literature reveals that education districts in most developing countries, do not support the participation of principals and educators, and that changes are required to effect higher levels of involvement. The study focuses on how this might be attained. The study makes recommendations on District Support Services which will ensure the involvement of district personnel, principals and educators in transforming schools into effective teaching and learning organisations. The theoretical base is derived from literature review on district support services in South Africa and elsewhere. This review is used to establish common conceptions for the study, and illustrates the extent to which the involvement of all relevant stakeholders is considered desirable and feasible. The analysis also reveals how the policy on district support services in South Africa falls short of complying with the country's local diversity and also with its policy of Outcomes - Based Eduaction which focuses on producing citizens who are equipped with values, knowledge and skills that will enable them to play a productive role in society. The implication of Outcomes - Based Eduaction is that individuals acquire these qualities through active involvement in the learning process. It seeks to create a lifelong learner who is confident and independent, literate and multi-skilled, compassionate, with respect for the environment and the ability to participate in society as a critical and active citizen. The field work was carried out in education institutions falling under Sekgosese Education District in Region Three of Limpopo Province and involved a sample of three hundred and thirty-two education practictioners, divided into five target groups:educators (200), principals (100), circuit managers (4), curriculum advisers (16), and administrators (12). The analysis of the data is composed of three parts. The first concerns the calibre of people who are implementing the policy. The majority of participants still lacked the relevant qualifications required while the need for staff development was identified by many as a major concern. In the second part respondents overwhelmingly indicated the need for clarification on the nature, the role and functions of the education district. In the third part the report shows thata general agreement also exists amongst the respondents for the need to address the constraints experienced at all levels in the implementation of district support services. The study concludes that in a globally competitive environment like the one we have today, it is no longer sufficient to make excellent strategic and operational plans. It is rather crucial for organisations to have systems that will ensure that this plans are effectively achieved. The rationale for this view is based on the argument that this may provide opportunities for learners to extend and develop their personal education competence, critical awareness and shared insight of the role which they and schools are expected to fulfil in their rapidly changing communities. The following key concepts were used throughout the study: • Education District • Curriculum 2005-08-24 Education Policy Reserve Fund Programme (EPRFP) • The School Governing Body (SGB) • National Policy • District Support Services • Effective Teaching and Learning
Open Access
The principals' management satyles and educators performance: impact on secondary school learner performance in Vhuronga II Circuit
(2008) Makhaga, Mpho Harriet; Kutame, A. P.; Mutshaeni, H. N.
A principal's management style determines the performance of learners in a school and thus the effectiveness of the school. The main aim of this study was to investigate how management styles of principals affect learners' performance in secondary schools within the Vhuronga 11 Circuit. This could be of great assistance for principals to improve the way in which they manage their schools and could establish the need for further training on management styles through in-service training. The research is quantitative in nature; questionnaires were used to collect data. The population of the research comprised of principals and educators from all secondary schools within the Vhuronga II Circuit. The main findings of the study are presented according to the analytical categories that guided both the collection and analysis of data. Results show that the principals' management styles have an impact on learner performance. The principal's management styles determine the performance of learners in schools and thus the effectiveness of the school. A crucial implication for school managers is that the performance of learners and the effectiveness of the school are determined by the relationship between principals, teachers (educators), learners and parents. The effectiveness of the school, in particular, depends on how principals relate to their teachers.
Open Access
Conflict management styles by school management teams in secondary schools
(2009-01) Nemaguvhuni, Adziambei; Ravhudzulo, M. A.
See the attached abstract below
Open Access
Microbiological and physico-chemical quality of surface and groundwater sources and its socio-economic impact in the Mpheni - Elim Village, Limpopo Province, South Africa
(2009-02) Maluleke, H. L.; Potgieter, N.; Odiyo, J. O.
See the attached abstract below
Open Access
In-vitro bioactivity of fractions from a local medicinal plant on HIV-1 replication, and selected fungal and bacterial pathogens
(2009-03) Mutshembele, Awelani Mirinda; Bessong, Pascal O.; Eloff, Jacobus N.; Obi, Larry
See the attached abstract below.
Open Access
Drug Resistance Mutations in Naive HIV-1 South African Patients, and Construction of Molecular Clones to Phenotype Putative Resistance Mutations
(2009-03) Mavhandu, Lufuno Grace; Bessong, P. O.; Rekosh, David; Hammarskjold, Marie-Louise
In countries such as South Africa where access to therapy is progressing data is required on patterns of resistance and evolution of resistance. Thirty protease (PR) and 31 reverse transcriptase (RT) amino acid sequences of HIV primary isolates from drug naNe patients from rural settings in South Africa were examined for resistance mutations. Samples were collected between May and August 2007. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the sequences were HIV-1 subtype C in both the protease and reverse transcriptase genes. The mean genetic distances among the sequences were 0.0170-0.0786 for the protease, and 0.0045-0.0890 for the reverse transcriptase. However, it was noted that 3 pairs of samples 07VGNF5ZA and 07VGNF6ZA, 07VGNF7ZA and 07VGNF8ZA, 07VGNF10ZA and 07VGNF13ZA did not show any genetic variability among their protease sequences. No major resistance mutation was observed among the protease sequences. However, the following minor resistance mutations were noted: L101N (3/30), A71T (1/30), and T74S (2/30). Examination of the reverse transcriptase gene for resistance mutations reveal the presence of V118I (1/30), V179D (1/30), K103N (2/30). Most of the RT sequences were wild-type, although V118I (3.3%) and k103N (6.7%) associated with resistance to lamivudine and nevirapine, respectively, were observed. In summary, this study has shown that most of the viruses in Limpopo Province, representing the northeastern part of South Africa are HIV-1 subtype C, and that the prevalence of resistant mutations among the drug na"fve patients is still low. Although combination antiretroviral therapy has resulted in a considerable improvement in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, the emergence of resistant virus is a significant obstacle to the effective management of HIV infection and AIDS. Systems to be used in the testing of phenotypic drug resistance and susceptibility are being developed. These may intimately be used in guiding therapy to improve long term suppression of HIV replication. Two proviral chimeric clones making use of pMJ4 and pNL4-3, and two vector plasmids which deletions of sequences encoding HIV-1 protease or reverse transcriptase were constructed for cloning of HIV-1 PCR products. Growth of constructs was monitored by p24 antigen production. Susceptibility to protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors was measured by using resistance test vectors that contain a Luciferase indicator gene. Cells were co-transfected with packaging plasmids, pluc, and pEnv, resulting in the production of virus particles that were used to infect target cells. Luciferase activity was measured following a single round of replication. The chimeric constructs MJ4 carrying the NL4-3 Apal-Hpal cassette (MJ4/NL4-3) and NL4-3 carrying the MJ4 Apal-Hpal cassette (NL4-3/MJ4) were successfully developed as shown by restriction digestion analysis. Considering growth of the constructed chimeras NL4-3/MJ4 was better than MJ4/NL4-3 although not robustly. Good p24 production was obtained from all four gap-pol plasmids. MJ4/NL4-3 worked better in delivering luciferase to the target cells while NL4-3/ML4 appeared totally devoid of any infectivity. The vectors pCMVGagPol(MJ4)-RREr and pCMVGagPol(NL4.3)-RREr were created and both expressed the viral gag-pol protein. Viral inhibition test showed that the vectors can be inhibited by NRTI, NNRTI and Pl. Inhibition was seen in all drugs in different concentrations indicating that the system works. The results showed that vector systems constructed can be used to evaluate putative drug resistant mutations, coding for resistance to protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors, detecte� in patient viruses. In addition, the system can also be used to evaluate candidate drugs and assist in the development of new drugs that are active against resistant HIV-1 virus.
Open Access
Teacher preparation for the implementation of the National Curriculum Statement
(2009-08) Tshiguvho, Muvhango Esther; Mulaudzi, M. P.
See the attached abstract below
Open Access
Economic impact of HIV/AIDS on smallholder agriculture in Mopani District of Limpopo Province
(2009-09) Maponya, Matlhabjane Maria; Oni, S. A.
See the attached abstract below
Open Access
q- Enumeration of permutations avoiding adjacent patterns
(2009-09) Takalani, Ntendeni Annah; Tshifhumulo, T. A.
Open Access
The prevalence of work related respiratory signs and symptoms among maintenance and transport section employees at Mapulaneng Hospital
(2009-09) Radebe, Philemon Lovers Ngowakhe; Pengpid, Supa
See the attached abstract below
Open Access
An appraisal of the efficacy of selected macrotourism policies of South Africa
(2009-09-08) Zembani, Pamela Edna; Steyn, P. E.
Open Access
An operating strategy of run-of-river abstractions for typical rural water supply schemes using Siloam Village as a case study
(2009-10) Makungo, Rachel; Odiyo, J. O.; Mwaka, B.; Ndiritu, J. G.
Open Access
The implementation of the developmental appraisal system for curriculum implementation in the secondary schools
(2009-11) Chauke, Magezi Phineas; Bayona, E. L. M.; Tshivhase-Phendla, T. S.
See the attached abstract below
Open Access
A model to promote dialogue about sexual health between teenagers and parents/teachers in Vhembe District of Limpopo Province, South Africa
(2009-12-30) Lebese, Tsakani Rachel; Davhana-Maselesele, Mashudu; Obi, C. L.
Open Access
Hydrological Characterisation of the Shingwedzi and Mphongolo River Basins in Kruger National Park, South Africa
(2010-01) Ramusiya, Fhedzisani; Odiyo, J. O.
Open Access
The provision and utilization of learning and teaching support material in physical science: A case of Limpopo Province
(2010-02) Rathando, Moses Nndwakhulu; Bayona, E. L. M.; Tshivhase- Phendla, T. S.
Open Access
Challenges facing educators in the implementation of National Curriculum Statement in Malamulele North East Circuit
(2010-03) Chabalala, Tsaki Dollence; Kutame, A. P.; Mutshaeni, H. N.
Open Access
Understanding learning styles of adult learners in the Vhembe District Municipality
(2010-03) Kgomommu, Selaelo; Ngobeli, T. D.; Kutame, A. P.
Little is still known about the Vhembe district municipal employees' learning style although considerable research on learning styles has been conducted. The purpose of this study was to investigate and understand the different learning styles among municipal employees in order to develop appropriate strategies to be used by instructors during training and determine the relationship between those learning styles and training methods. The method of data collection for this study is quantitative in nature using a self-designed questionnaire consisting of 34 items. The findings of this study revealed that Vhembe district municipal employees prefer visual learning compared to verbal learning. Active learning was preferred to reflective learning. However, both sensing and intuitive learning received equal preference. The municipal employees also preferred sequential learning to global learning. The findings also revealed that training methods, which ere suitable for the Vhembe district municipal employees are lectures, video tapes, computer based learning, and group discussions. The findings of this study suggest that those training methods are effective when used to train employees that are visual, verbal, active, and sequential learners. A considerable number of training methods is effective; however, the effectiveness of the training method largely depends on the instructor. If the instructor understands the learner's learning style, it will be easier for the instructor to select the training methods that will accommodate most of the learners. The importance of this study is to assist employees and trainers to identify the most suitable learning styles and training methods which will assist in enhancing performance and productivity in the municipalities.
Open Access
Government intervention strategies in HIV/AIDS child-headed households: a case study of Sekhukhune District Municipality
(2010-03) Mashabela, Segotji Elias