Institutes/ Centres

Permanent URI for this community

https://univendspace.univen.ac.za/handle/11602/1941

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 36

Open Access
Analysis of the role and effectiveness of the Public Protector in fighting corruption : a case study of Tshwane Municipality in Gauteng Province, South Africa
(2015-01-14) Madzimure, Patronella Chiedza; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
Corruption is a universal problem that undermines growth and development by diverting resources away from development programmes. Its effects are particularly harmful to the poor in developing countries, thus fighting corruption becomes one of the most important challenges facing new democracies like South Africa. Consequently, South Africa has instituted a number of anti-corruption machinery to fight this scourge. However, as the anti-corruption machinery and strategies intensified in South Africa, the level of corruption in the country seems to be escalating. Given this background, the researcher was motivated to critically evaluate the role and effectiveness of one of the institutions established to fight corruption in South Africa, the Public Protector. The Public Protector is mandated to fight corruption in terms of section 2 of the Public Protector Act no 113 of 1998. The researcher used the mixed research method. This entailed that the research used both qualitative and quantitative research approaches, in which data was collected through the questionnaires and interviews. Data was collected and analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Ethical considerations such as the need for voluntary participation, confidentiality and anonymity and informed consent were also observed. The major findings of the study were that; the Public Protector is a critical institution, well positioned to fight corruption in South Africa. The study also provided evidence showing that the Public Protector has been effective in fighting corruption, although its effectiveness in this regard can be improved by providing sufficient resources and prioritisation of investigations. The recommendations of the study are that, in order for Public Protector to be more effective in its mandate to fight corruption, sufficient resources should be provided for investigations and awareness campaigns to educate the public about all forms of corruption and how to report them. The Public protector should prioritise interventions in critical sectors such as health in order to enhance its effectiveness in alleviating the impacts of corruption on the ordinary citizens. In addition, findings from the study suggest that there should also be an amendment of the legislation to ensure that the Public Protector has sufficient enforcement powers, instead of only recommending interventions for implementation by other institutions.
Open Access
An assessment of the effectiveness of the academic library online public access catalogue (OPAC) by students: a case of University of Venda Library
(2015-01-13) Nemalili, Tshililo Violet; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
1 online resource (ix, 65 leaves): illustrations
Open Access
The challenge of managing street vendors in South Africa: a case of Thulamela Municipality
(2013-10-11) Mulondo, Thivhulawi Albert; Khwashaba, M. P.
Open Access
Challenges contributing towards poor performance of students registered for NCV programmes in Vhembe FET College
(2016-05) Tshisikule, Azwianewi Shadrack; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
See the attached abstract below
Open Access
Challenges faced by research coordinators in the Limpopo Provincial Government
(2014-05) Malindi, Ndivhuwo Edward; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
The study was fundamentally based on the challenges faced by research coordinators in the Limpopo Provincial Government. The researcher attempted to describe the challenges; examine research capacity and develop the mechanisms to the extent to which the research is properly and well coordinated by the Limpopo Provincial Government Department officials. The democratic elected government incepted in 1994 established three spheres of government, namely, the national, provincial and local spheres of government. Currently the Limpopo Provincial Government and Administration is composed of twelve government departments including the Office of the Premier. The study therefore facilitated an approach towards a coordinated research initiatives in the province to attain the objectives laid in the Limpopo Development Plan aligned to the National Development Plan (Vision 2030). Decision making, institutional arrangements and planning, policy analysis, policy implementation, policy evaluation, policy design, and policy change and programs improvement need to be evidence-based and that could only be achieved by scientific research conduction, management and coordination. For the purpose of this study, the researcher used a triangulation approach where both qualitative as well as quantitative research methodologies were applied. The researcher used non-probability sampling and its subtype purposive sampling method to select the respondents. The researcher used both questionnaires and interviews as data collection instruments. Two data analysis methods were used, namely, statistical analysis (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and thematic analysis. The following ethical aspects were considered and applied when conducting the study and they are: permission to conduct research; voluntary participation and informed consent; no harm to participants; anonymity; confidentiality; and, deceiving of subjects. The major findings of the study are: • There are no enough research coordinators in Limpopo Provincial Government and that financial resources are not enough to conduct research; • Most of the government officials are not sure if the provincial government of Limpopo encourages innovation by devoting scientific and technological research, development and biotechnology; • Uncoordinated research results in the duplication of research and that research coordinators are not well trained in research methodology coupled by lack of qualified staff to conduct quality in-house research; • Appropriate coordinated research can improve management and service delivery and that research coordinators, research managers and research practitioners are informed of the South Africa National Research and Development Strategy of 2002 and that it must align with any Integrated Provincial Research and Development Strategy developed or to be developed in future; and, • That each provincial government department ensures that it has a full functional directorate that is well resourced in terms of personnel, financial and skills and promotes collaboration between government departments and research and academic institutions. The recommendations of the study were: • That there should be enough research coordinators in Limpopo Provincial Government and financial resources shall be made available to conduct research; • That the Limpopo Provincial Government must ensure that government officials that are responsible for research do participate in innovation programmes; • That the provincial research initiatives must be well coordinated to avoid duplication of research and research coordinators and research practitioners must be well trained in research methodologies to conduct quality in-house research; • That research coordinators, research managers and research practitioners must always be well informed of all research and development strategies and the related policies developed or to be developed in future; and, • That each provincial government department ensures that it has a full functional directorate that is well resourced in terms of personnel, financial and skills, and develop research collaboration policy with academic and research institutions.
Open Access
Challenges facing the Department of Education in the provision of resources in Public Secondary Schools at Malamulele West Circuit, Vhembe District Municipality
(2016-05) Netshisaulu, Thivhudziswi Hezekiele; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
The main aim of the study is to investigate the challenges facing the Department of Education in the provision of resources in public secondary schools at Malamulele West Circuit, Vhembe District Municipality. The democratie government carne into existents with the right to education and the financial responsibility of the state. lt has been provided for by the South African Constitution Act 108 of 1996 that every person has a right to education and schools are expected to carry this responsibility and making sure that teaching and learning is taking place. In this regard, the costs of education in financial resource, human and capita! have to be bearded by the Department of Education. The Department has introduced no fee schools where learners in those schools do not pay any money for their education. The study uses both quantitative and qualitative techniques for data collection and analysis. Quantitative techniques were mostly used in that they provide the researcher with an understanding of the challenges facing the Department of Education in the provision of resources in public secondary school at Malamulele West Circuit. Purposive sampling method was used for the selection of sample for the study. The primary data used for analysis in this study. Primary data were obtained through interview schedule and questionnaires survey. Major findings pertaining to the research conducted: • The study found that 30 respondents constituting 60 percent of the total sample agreed with the statement that Department of Education was facing challenges regarding the provision of resources in public secondary schools. • The study found that the majority of respondents (52%) agreed that the state must have an obligation of providing all the resources needed for the South African school going citizen. • The finding of the study indicated that majority of respondents (50%) was agreed with the resources need to be accounted for as they benefit schools. • The study found that the majority of respondents (60%) was agreed with the equalities in the provision of such staff members is almost certainly associated with major inefficiencies in schools which serve poor communities. Recommendations following the research are: • The Department of Education should be encouraged to supply all recent materials regarding curriculum implementation in schools. • There should be enough teaching and learning resource support materials. The number of projects required from learners must be reduced. • Good positive support from the Department of Education is essential. There should be adequate infrastructure tor accommodating learners. • The Department of Education should base the reimbursement of costs on the distance the educator has to travel.
Open Access
The challenges facing traffic officers in the management of traffic law in Limpopo Province with specific reference to Vhembe District
(2018-09-21) Ramavhunga, Muthuhadini Hendrick; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
The study investigates the management of traffic law in Limpopo Province with specific reference to Vhembe District and explore possible solutions to the challenges facing Vhembe District in the management of traffic law. Road transport safety, particularly enforcement of traffic laws is challenging globally, especially in developing countries, where it affects both road users and governments. Due to a number of reasons the subculture of traffic and other law enforcement agents is not always viewed in a favorable light. Media reports and newspaper articles give evidence of a total disregard for law enforcement and lack of respect for law enforcement officials. The study used both quantitative and qualitative techniques for data collection and analysis. The Quantitative techniques were mostly used in that they provided the researcher with an understanding of experiences and challenges facing traffic officers in the management of traffic law in Limpopo Province with specific reference to Vhembe District. A simple random and purposive sample was used for selection of a sample population. A purposive sampling technique will be employed in selection study participants of qualitative method. A sample of 50 traffic officers was randomly selected for the survey and 10 traffic chiefs and principals were purposively selected for the interviews. The study found that of lack of good managerial skills, lack of motivation to work, shortage of staff, lack of modern equipment and lack of training as challenges. The treatment of traffic offenses as “petty” by the Department of Justice and in particular magistrates was also identified as a major challenge. The study recommends that the Department of Transport Management should provide traffic police officials with sufficient resources and equipment at the traffic police stations in order to perform optimally.
Open Access
Challenges of disciplinary measures and their impact on educator morale in schools of Dzondo District
(2014-10-06) Gabara, Aifheli Phineas; Khwashaba, M. P.
This study examined the challenges of disciplinary measures and their impact on educator morale in schools of Dzondo Circuit, Vhembe District. The South African education system historically had used corporal punishment to maintain discipline in schools. Criticism of its effects led to the banning of this form of physical punishment in 1996. But the legislative intervention did not stop the use of corporal punishment in schools. Corporal punishment had effectively disappeared in model-C schools, but it is still relatively common in township schools Maithufi (1997: 32). Reasons for persistence and illegal use of corporal punishment include absence of effective alternatives, and the legacy of authoritarian education practices. These views persist because parents use it at their homes and support its use in schools. The study used both quantitative and qualitative techniques for data collection and analysis. Quantitative techniques were mostly used in that they provided the researcher with an understanding of experiences and the challenges of disciplinary measure and their impact on educator morale in schools of Dzondo Circuit, Vhembe District. Random and purposive samplings were used for selection of sample for the study. Both primary and secondary data were used for analysis in this study. Secondary data were obtained from government publication, research publication, and report. Primary data were obtained through questionnaires and interview. Major Findings of this study are the following: • The findings of this research clearly show that schools are experiencing disciplinary problems. However, the intensity of these disciplinary problems varies from school to school. Participants consider discipline to be an important aspect in the life of the school and complained that without good discipline, no effective teaching and learning can take place. • Furthermore, participants interviewed expressed frustration over the various types of disruptive behaviour that schools are currently experiencing. Moreover, participants in this research revealed that the major cause of disciplinary problems at schools stems from a lack of parental involvement in their children's education. • Poor socio-economic conditions of parents and a lack of knowledge and skills of parent involvement serve as major barriers to parent involvement in school. Major recommendations to address the findings are: • Another important recommendation which cannot be over-emphasised is that managers need to ensure that there exists team-work among the educators. The causes of disciplinary problems are addressed if educators are actively involved in the teaching programmes of their school. • Managers need to facilitate model behavior in educators (Mabeba & Prinsloo 1999:36). According to these authors, educators are supposed to be role-models for their learners. Educators should, therefore, model self-discipline, so as to inculcate self-discipline in learners. Educators should also approach the problem of discipline with empathy for the possible problems the learners may be experiencing at home or at school that cause their poor behaviour. • Managers need to ensure that educators prepare their lessons well by monitoring this matter. The issue of lesson preparation by educators is of vital importance. Mabeba and Prinsloo (1999:37 & 40) maintain that lessons that are well prepared enhances discipline in class. Learners respect educators who are prepared, are knowledgeable about the subject they teach, and are authoritative in their instructional and teaching style.
Open Access
The challenges of not having a library at secondary school in Sibasa Circuit and the management thereof: a case study of Vhembe District
(2015-05) Mukwevho, S. D.; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
This study investigated the challenges of not having a library at Secondary school in Sibasa Circuit and the management thereof: a case study of Vhembe District. Libraries are social institutions created to safeguard knowledge, preserve the cultural heritage and provide information for education and research purposes to different users. For the school library to function effectively and efficiently, adequate resources are essential. Educators and learners should have access to collections, facilities and equipment to retrieve information for the teaching and learning process. In addition, funds and qualified staff are needed to purchase facilities and equipment and to ensure that the collection is well-stocked, current and up-to-date. The study uses quantitative technique for data collection and analysis. Quantitative techniques were mostly used in that they provide the researcher with an understanding of experiences and challenges of not having a library at Secondary school in rural areas and the management thereof: a case study of Vhembe District. Random and purposive samplings were used for the selection of sample for the study. Both primary and secondary data were used for analysis in this study. Secondary data were obtained from government publications, research publications, and reports. Findings of the research project indicated that the Lack of current reading materials in most of the school Libraries in the study area is a major problem, constraining students from using school libraries. For example, in the school libraries surveyed, there were a lot of reading materials which are not current and relevant. This study recommends that the government with collaboration with other stakeholders should build new school libraries in different secondary school in the country and equipped them with all necessary library facilities
Open Access
Challenges of performance management system and its impact on the improvement of productivity in the Thulamela Municipality, Vhembe District
(2015-05) Raedani, Mphiliseni Meshack; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
This study investigated the challenges of performance management system and its impact on the improvement of productivity in the Thulamela Municipality, Vhembe District. The Performance Management System (PMS) has been introduced in the South African public service with the intentions of monitoring, reviewing, assessing performance, developing underperformers, and recognising and rewarding good performance. This study was undertaken as an attempt to investigate whether the PMS of Thulamela Municipality in the Limpopo Province contributes to the improvement in departmental productivity. The literature review undertaken in this study, shows that there is a general poor understanding of PMS in the public service and in the Thulamela Municipality in particular. It (the literature review) further establishes that there are several challenges that hinder the effective implementation of a PMS in the public service. The study uses both quantitative and qualitative techniques for data collection and analysis. Qualitative techniques were mostly used in that they provide the researcher with an understanding of experiences and challenges of performance management system and its impact on the improvement of productivity in the Thulamela Municipality, Vhembe District.. Purposive sampling was used for the selection of sample for the study. Both primary and secondary data was used for analysis in this study. Secondary data were obtained from government publications, research publications, and reports. Primary data was obtained through interview and questionnaires. Findings of the study led to the following conclusions: • Majority employees who completed the questionnaire indicated that they would describe their understanding of the PMS as adequate. • Respondents confuse the submission of performance instruments with an understanding of the PMS. One such respondent alluded to the fact that most employees understand the PMS well since they submit performance instruments regularly on time. • Majority respondent also concurred that it motivates for better performance if you know that you will be rewarded for good work done; one would want to reach one's goals and work harder thus increasing productivity. The following recommendations based on the findings of the study are made: • There should be regular and thorough training of municipal officials about the PMS in the public service and how it impacts on productivity. Such training could improve the understanding of the PMS by municipal officials. • After concluding that the PMS has not contributed to improvement of productivity, the Thulamela Local Municipality should ensure that employees understand how their individual performance impacts on the overall productivity of the municipality. Officials should understand that low individual performance may lead to a low departmental performance and productivity • The PMS division, Training division and Employee Awareness Programme division should work together to address the lack of skills and other problems associated with underperformance. Performance targets of both the individual employees and the Department should be clearly defined.
Open Access
Challenges regarding the implementation of Employment Equity Act within the Department of Health and the management thereof: a case study of Vhembe District
(2015-01-13) Ndou, Badinwaagwaani Joseph; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
The general objective of this study is to investigate challenges regarding the implementation of Employment Equity Act within the Department of Health and the management thereof: A case of study of Vhembe District. The Employment Equity Act No. 55 of 1998 was put in place by Government to facilitate the implementation of fair workplace practices, which will correct the imbalances of the past as well as creating a workforce, which reflects the demographics of South Africa. The inequalities in employment patterns and practices with respect to access to employment, training, promotion and equitable remuneration especially for black people, women and people with disabilities are addressed in the said Act. The Employment Equity Act is quite specific about the minimum requirements of an organisation's Employment Equity Plan, which make it easy to identify what progress is being made towards ending discrimination in the workplace. The question arises as to whether South African organisations are merely implementing Employment Equity policies to adhere to the basic requirements and deadlines of the Act. Or, are these policies genuinely based on commitment to the principles of equality and equal opportunity for all in the workplace. The study uses both quantitative and qualitative techniques for data collection and analysis. Qualitative techniques were mostly used in that they provide the researcher with an understanding of experiences and challenges regarding the implementation of Employment Equity Act within the Department of Health and the management thereof. Purposive sampling was used for the selection of sample for the study. Both primary and secondary data was used for analysis in this study. Secondary data were obtained from government publications, research publications, and reports. Primary data was obtained through personal observation, and household's questionnaires. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and documentation. The research contained the following as findings: • Strategies for enhancing the consultation process. Participants .proposed the involvement of employees on development and implementation of operational plans at business unit levels • Provision of reasonable accommodation. Participants proposed strategies such as assistive devices for people with disabilities, training and development programs, participation in exchange programs with other institutions and diversity management • A need for a holistic approach to people management and alignment to the HR Plan, which in turn is linked to Departmental strategic objectives • The participants indicated that there was misalignment of training and development programs with EEP. The importance of aligning these two programs has been greatly emphasised in both the Literature Review and the legislative requirements. The following were recommendations which were: • Enforce management commitment to facilitate implementation of the EEP and develop strategies for holding them accountable, such as inclusion of EE in Performance Agreements • Increasing EEP awareness and empowerment programs to enable effective and active participation of employees • Strengthen Monitoring and Evaluation Processes to clarify and reaffirm roles and responsibilities of stakeholders, with specific reference to active functioning of EAC
Open Access
Community involvement as a strategy to enhance Integrated Development Planning Efficiency for effective service delivery in Mutale Municipality
(2012-12-11) Nempumbuluni, Thambeleni Colbert; Nekhavhambe, M. M.; Khwashaba, M. P.
In this study, the researcher investigated community involvement as a strategy to enhance Integrated Development Planning efficiency for effective service delivery in Mutale Municipality, Limpopo Province. To get a holistic view, a sample was drawn from the population of seventy (70) respondents from a range of stakeholders that include 10 officials of Mutale Municipality, 15 councilors, 11 secretaries of Ward Committees, 11 Community Development Workers (CDW), 5 civic associations members, 4 business people and 14 IDP forum n:1embers from Mutale community. Quantitative method, as instrument for collecting data was used in this study. A questionnaire in ( Appendix A), was handed out to Municipal officials, councilors, secretaries of Ward Committees, Community Development Workers, civic associations, business people and IDP forum members. The main findings of this study are: • There is a minimal representation of women, people living with Disabilities and youth in IDP and Ward Committees at Mutale Municipality. • Community involvement in IDP and Ward Committees is dominated by males, employed people and the degree and diploma graduates. • There are no IDP workshops to capacitate stakeholders on the usefulness, processes and importance of IDP in se�ice delivery. • IDP representative forum and Ward Committees are used for community involvement to enhance Integrated Development Planning for effective service delivery in Mutale Municipality. • Residents know about Ward Committees, but do not always attend meetings where service delivery issues are discussed. • Community needs are not entirely identified by community members, but to some extent by councilors, Ward Committees and municipal employees. • Corruption plays a role in the implementation of projects in the municipality. • Stakeholders are not afforded enough time to go through the Draft IDP documents. • Community involvement in municipal affairs is poor. • Government departments do not regularly attend IDP meetings. The main recommendations of this study are: • Improving representation in IDP forum and Ward Committee. • Introducing IDP workshops for both municipal employees and community members. • Consistency in community feed-back and report. • Regular attendance of IDP representative forum meetings. • Improving accountability. • The need for efficiency and effectiveness in service delivery. • Improvement in community involvement in IDP processes and Ward Committees. • Increasing engagement with Traditional Leaders. • Introducing strategies for monitoring and evaluation of service delivery. • Provision of adequate time to study Draft IDP documents.
Open Access
An evaluation of the conditions of employment for domestic workers in Thulamela Local Municipality
(2016-05) Masidwali, Busisiwe Murembiwa; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
See the attached abstract below
Open Access
An evaluation of the right to access to adequate housing in Musina Local Municipal, South Africa - 1994 to date
(2018-09-21) Tshiwanammbi, Thovhedzo Nathaniel; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
Among the rights in the Bill of Rights contained in the South African Constitution is the right to access to adequate housing. This right is bound up with other rights in the Constitution, including the right to have their human dignity respected, and the right to water and health care. The right to adequate housing is also comprised in several international human rights declarations, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the United Nations. However, the right to access to adequate housing involves more than just a shelter, but includes a number of other elements such as security of tenure and access to basic services and facilities. Housing must be affordable and accessible. It must be safe and habitable and be socially acceptable. Furthermore, adequate housing is well located with respect to economic and other opportunities. The provision of housing and basic services has been the focus of the ANC-led government since 1994 and a major portion of municipal resources has been dedicated to providing water and sanitation to mainly the poorest families, while over 1,5 million state-subsidized homes have been delivered. While the scale of delivery has been inspiring, has it really impacted on the lives of people in remote communities? A qualitative research design was utilised in this study as it was considered the most appropriate method to gather data and answer the research questions. In this study, data were gathered using unstructured in-depth interviews and focused group discussions. As part of the major findings, this research has revealed that the municipality does not have a housing provision policy though is building RDP houses with the support of a provincial government in line with the Housing Act. Through the provision of these low cost houses, the municipality has overcome many housing delivery challenges and that it has to date worked as a good governance strategy to attract the poor. Research conducted in the Musina Municipality in the Limpopo Province regarding the realization of the right to access adequate housing reveals that the right to adequate housing has, at best, only been partly realized as part of the major findings. In addition to interviews with office bearers and municipal officials, 120 households were interviewed (of which half were from self-built houses and half were residing in ‘RDP’ houses) concerning their understanding and experience of the right to access to adequate housing in the municipality. The study discloses v that the structures do not meet the criteria for adequate housing and the provision of water and sanitation remains a challenge in some rural areas. Access to health and education facilities is poor, due to the low densities and vast distances between settlements. This research recommends a plethora of good initiatives which could be seen as a way forward towards an improved adequate housing delivery mechanism which is also regulated. A need for mixed use integrated housing delivery through formal settlements is recommended in order to maximize the available financial resources and to also strengthen the intergovernmental relations through multi-stakeholder support.
Open Access
External difficulties facing mentally disabled children in Grace and Love Special School in Vhembe District, Limpopo Province
(2015-01-14) Matumba, Khensani Beauty; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
The focus of the research is to investigate the external difficulties facing mentally disabled children. The objectives of the study are to investigate the external difficulties, to assess the rights of mentally disabled children and to explore the coping mechanisms of mentally disabled children. The researcher used non-probability and its sub-type purposive sampling method to select the respondents of the study. For this study two data collection instruments were used, namely questionnaire and interview. Data collected through questionnaires was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences. Information was presented in a tabular form, frequencies and percentages. Data collected through interview was analyzed using thematic analysis and information was presented in a narrative form. Ethical considerations were followed throughout the study. The Major Findings of the Study are: The researcher found that there are external difficulties facing mentally disabled children in Vhembe District, Limpopo Province. The findings show that mentally disabled children are not accepted by the community and are not treated like normal children. Disabled children are not protected from abuse. The researcher also found out that children with disability are not accepted even by their siblings. The study showed that children with mental disability cannot interact well with peers. It was found that the government is failing to support children with disability financially. The recommendations of the study·are: The researcher recommends that a mutual understanding is needed between the community and the government. The government has to enforce all necessary regulations for an improved service delivery. The must be a collaboration between organizations and all stakeholders dealing with children with mental disability.
Open Access
Factors contributing to external difficulties in the management of juvenile deliquency : a case study of correctional services in the Polokwane management area in Capricon District of Limpopo Province
(2015-02-24) Mundalamo, Nditsheni Jeremiah; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
This study investigates the factors contributing to external difficulties in the management o juvenile delinquency. Fourteen million crimes were brought to the attention of police and almost 9 million arrests were Juveniles. The researcher needs to find out why juveniles are still continuing committing crimes and how they can be assisted to curb that situation. The respondents of this study are at Modemolle Correctional Centre which is under the Limpopo\ Mpumalanga\ North West Region and it falls under the management of Polokwane. For this study, the researcher employed mixed methodology where quantitative and qualitative research approaches were used. The researcher used a non-probability sampling and its subtype purposive sampling method to select the respondents of this study. Two instruments to collect data were also used, namely: questionnaires and interviews. When analyzing the data, two types of data analysis were used, for data collected through questionnaire the researcher used statistical analysis (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and for the data collected through interview, the researcher used thematic analysis (Narrative form). The following are the main findings of the study: • Some of the contributing factors that lead to external difficulties in the management of juvenile delinquency are as follows: environmental factors such as unemployment and poverty, substance abuse, illiteracy, peer pressure, dysfunctional families, family breakdown, boredom, community characteristics and juvenile recidivism. • The researcher also found that the system of three-meal cycle which is practicing in the correctional centre when the juveniles are provided food, when they are out from Correctional centre they thinks about that food and commit crime again. • The researcher also found that the fo11owing can assist to curb juvenile delinquency: creating jobs, crime awareness and alcohol and drug awareness and encouraging youth to go to school. • The juvenile delinquency has the negative impact to the community and it destroys the future of the society. The following recommendations were made: • In-service training of all correctional officers should receive top priority. In-service training needs to focus on how correctional officers can manage juvenile delinquency. • Strategies for implementing effective family and parental care should be explored. This should include the way in which parents control their children and providing their needs with the aim of building responsible children. • Employment opportunities should be provided to youth in order to prevent juvenile delinquency. • There should be free education to all younger people to remove them from lingering up and down in the streets. • There should be tough sentences to the people breaks the rule of the Jaw.
Open Access
Factors influencing healthcare worker's reluctance to utilization of HIV and AIDS services within their workplace: a case of Donald Fraser Hospital
(2014-12-10) Ramathikhithi, Mushaisano Eunice; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
Open Access
Factors that contribute to youth unemployment in Vhembe District: A case study of Makhado Local Municipality
(2015-05) Phophi, Norman; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
This study investigated the factors that contribute to youth unemployment in Vhembe District, Makhado Local Municipality. Unemployment which is a worldwide issue is one of the toughest challenges which the South African government is facing today. Unemployment may be seen as the consequence of practical choice rather than as something that just arrived as a result of specific circumstances into which science may be given insight". Unemployment is a significant event. In sociological and psychological research, the experience of unemployment is usually described in terms of consequences for the individual. Numerous studies report a correlation between unemployment and such outcomes as deterioration in psychological well being, physical health and the economic situation The study uses both quantitative and qualitative techniques for data collection and analysis. Quantitative techniques were mostly used in that they provide the researcher with an understanding of the factors that contributed to youth unemployment in Makhado Local Municipality. Purposive samplings were used for the selection of sample for the study. Both primary and secondary data were used for analysis in this study. Secondary data were obtained from government publications, research documents, and reports. Primary data were obtained through personal observation and questionnaires survey. Major findings pertaining to the research conducted: • The study found that 58 respondents constituting 73.4% of the total sample strongly agreed with the statement that high unemployment employers may discriminate against youths, possibly because of their personal and behavioral characteristics • The study found that nearly 85 percent of the total sample thought that it was strongly agree with the statement that Unemployment is one of the biggest challenges facing South Africa • The respondents indicated that the behaviour of their children were unacceptable as they lacked discipline, proper guidance and control. Parents did not have determination to discipline their children when they misbehave. • Respondents also mentioned that they did not have the resources to provide for their children's health and nutritional needs, due to their unemployment. Recommendations following the research are: • Based on the fact that unemployment affects so many young people, it is recommended that the Youth Commission must market its services aggressively in communities and also link young unemployed people with relevant stakeholders like Makhado Youth Fund, so that they can be capacitated with various skills like entrepreneurship, life skills and parenting skills. • It is recommended that this type of study must be conducted on a bigger population sample, in both rural and urban areas in order to generalize the findings regarding the influence of unemployment on parenting skills. • Government and non-government organizations must initiate income generating projects. In this regard social workers should link unemployed parents with community development officers within the Department of Health and Social Development to involve them in such income generating projects. • The Department of Public Works, as the leading department of the Expanded Public Work Programme which is a specific job creation and poverty alleviation programme of government, should primarily target the unemployed people in rural areas.
Open Access
The impact of absenteeism on productivity in Giyani Police Station : a study conducted at Giyani Police Station
(2012-12-07) Maluleke, Magezi Judas; Khwashaba, M. P.
The study focussed on the impact of absenteeism on productivity, the causes of absenteeism as well as the strategies to manage and control absenteeism. The study was conducted by exploring the employees' opinions on the matter. The study is quantitative in nature and descriptive designs were used. It was conducted at Giyani Police Station during July 2011. A questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 88 respondents selected through simple random sampling procedure. The study revealed the following: • Majority of the respondents were in the age group 41-50 years of age • The organisation is still dominated by male employees with more than half. • Nearly three quarter of the respondents were married. • Half of the respondents managed to complete grade 12 or matric level. • Majority of the respondents were holding the rank of constable and below. • Nearly half of the respondents did not complete 10 years services in the south Africa police services • Over one third of the respondents were doing crime prevention as their nature of work. • More than half of the respondents were not working shifts. • It was also revealed that absenteeism had a negative impact on productivity, in the organisation. • The findings also revealed that, illness, injury, family responsibility, private commitments, official leave, maternity leave, health and safety, quality and nature of supervision, shift work, organisational control system and absence control policy, working conditions, substance abuse, unhappy work relation and others do contribute to employees' absence in Giyani Police Station. • However the findings revealed that the size of the group, overtime work, bad weather conditions, transportation problem and ventilation do not contribute to employees' absence in Giyani Police Station. • The study also revealed that the following strategies can contribute to the management and control of absenteeism: stringent absence manage policies, reward for good attendance, to re-educate managers and supervisors to deal affectively with absence performance related pay, wellness being program, information system and absence control by the use of computers, human relation training for supervisors, job enrichment, employee assistant program, goal setting by both the supervisor and the employees, participative management system and others. • The recommendation was made that the following strategies be • implemented by the management of the South Africa Police Services • including Giyani Police Station in order to manage and control absenteeism. • Stringent absence management policies • Reward for good attendance • Re-educate managers and supervisors to deal effectively with absence. • Performance related pay • Wellness being program • Information system and absence control system • Human relation for supervisors • Job enrichment • Employees assistant program • Goal setting by both the supervisors and the employee • Participating management system
Open Access
The impact of skills development on the improvement productivity of educators in Vhembe Circuit
(2015-01-19) Mulaudzi, Irene Azwiangwi; Khwashaba, M. P.; Mahole, E.
Lack of skills development in the education department has always been the factor hindering productivity and the ability to cope with every time curriculum changes and development. The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of skills development on the educators ofVhembe District of Vhumbedzi Circuit. The study was also aimed at identifying challenges facing department of education in developing the educators' existing skills, determining the cause of the lack of skills and amongst others determine the strategies to improve educators' competency. The study was important because the findings of the study will help to improve the standard of educators training. The study used both qualitative and quantitative techniques for data collection and analysis. Interviews scheduled and survey questionnaire were used in order to collect data. The study has discovered that negative attitude in educators, inadequate training of educators, lack of funds for skills training and rapid curriculum changes play a role in educators' lack of productivity. The study has made the following recommendation that more funds should be made available for training of educators and those educators who have completed their studies should be remunerated in order to encourage them to further their studies. The study also recommends that educators should be thoroughly trained in the new curriculum, instead of given microwave workshops which are not effective.