Sigidi, M. T.Musie, E. M.Mathomu, L. M.Mabasa, Xitsakiso Euphodia2021-12-122021-12-122021-11Mabasa, X. E. (2021) Phytocompound profiling and assessment of antioxidant antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities of Momordica balsamina leaf extracts.<http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1817>.http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1817MSc (Microbiology)Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyBackground: The use of medicinal herbs has raised considerable interest worldwide attributed to their health-promoting effects. Momordica balsamina (M. balsamina) is a medicinal herb that has long been used to treat various ailments. Therefore, this study aims to profile the phytocompounds and assess antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities of M. balsamina leaf extracts. Methodology: Methanol and water were used as extraction solvents. Profiling of phytochemical constituents of M. balsamina extracts was done using TLC, phytochemical screening tests, UV-Vis, FTIR, and UHPLC-qTOF-MS analysis. Biological activities were assessed using in vitro bioactivity screening (cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory) assays, an antioxidant assay using free radical scavenging (DPPH) activity, and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration using the serial micro broth dilution technique. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids in both extracts. The UV-VIS profile revealed various absorption bands ranging from 200 – 750 nm indicating the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, terpenoids, carotenoids, chlorophyll, and alkaloids. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, anthraquinones, and phenolic compounds. The UHPLC-qTOF-MS detected flavonoid aglyclones such as quercetin, isorhamnetin, and kaempferol as well as dicaffeoylquinic, feruloyl isocitric and pseudolaroside A acids in the methanolic extract. Based on our knowledge, this is the first report on the presence of pseudolaroside A and feruloyl isocitric acid in M. balsamina leaves. UHPLC-qTOF-MS could not identify the compounds in the water extract. Both extracts had antioxidant potential and exhibited no antibacterial activity on gut-associated bacteria. In vitro cytotoxicity results showed that extracts were non-toxic against human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT29 and Caco2), Vero, and RAW 264.7 cells. Methanolic extract showed anti-inflammatory activity on RAW 264.7 cells and water extract exhibited no activity. Conclusion: M. balsamina leaves contain plethora secondary metabolites with no cytotoxic potential and may be used as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.1 online resource (xiv, 81 leaves) : color illustrationsenMormodica balsaminaUCTDAntioxidantAnti-inflammatoryAntibacterialCytotoxicity581. 634Medicinal plantsMateria medica, VegetableHealersHerbalsDissertationMabasa XE. Phytocompound profiling and assessment of antioxidant antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities of Momordica balsamina leaf extracts. []. , 2021 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1817Mabasa, X. E. (2021). <i>Phytocompound profiling and assessment of antioxidant antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities of Momordica balsamina leaf extracts</i>. (). . Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1817Mabasa, Xitsakiso Euphodia. <i>"Phytocompound profiling and assessment of antioxidant antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities of Momordica balsamina leaf extracts."</i> ., , 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1817TY - Dissertation AU - Mabasa, Xitsakiso Euphodia AB - Background: The use of medicinal herbs has raised considerable interest worldwide attributed to their health-promoting effects. Momordica balsamina (M. balsamina) is a medicinal herb that has long been used to treat various ailments. Therefore, this study aims to profile the phytocompounds and assess antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities of M. balsamina leaf extracts. Methodology: Methanol and water were used as extraction solvents. Profiling of phytochemical constituents of M. balsamina extracts was done using TLC, phytochemical screening tests, UV-Vis, FTIR, and UHPLC-qTOF-MS analysis. Biological activities were assessed using in vitro bioactivity screening (cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory) assays, an antioxidant assay using free radical scavenging (DPPH) activity, and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration using the serial micro broth dilution technique. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids in both extracts. The UV-VIS profile revealed various absorption bands ranging from 200 – 750 nm indicating the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, terpenoids, carotenoids, chlorophyll, and alkaloids. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, anthraquinones, and phenolic compounds. The UHPLC-qTOF-MS detected flavonoid aglyclones such as quercetin, isorhamnetin, and kaempferol as well as dicaffeoylquinic, feruloyl isocitric and pseudolaroside A acids in the methanolic extract. Based on our knowledge, this is the first report on the presence of pseudolaroside A and feruloyl isocitric acid in M. balsamina leaves. UHPLC-qTOF-MS could not identify the compounds in the water extract. Both extracts had antioxidant potential and exhibited no antibacterial activity on gut-associated bacteria. In vitro cytotoxicity results showed that extracts were non-toxic against human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT29 and Caco2), Vero, and RAW 264.7 cells. Methanolic extract showed anti-inflammatory activity on RAW 264.7 cells and water extract exhibited no activity. Conclusion: M. balsamina leaves contain plethora secondary metabolites with no cytotoxic potential and may be used as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. DA - 2021-11 DB - ResearchSpace DP - Univen KW - Mormodica balsamina KW - Antioxidant KW - Anti-inflammatory KW - Antibacterial KW - Cytotoxicity LK - https://univendspace.univen.ac.za PY - 2021 T1 - Phytocompound profiling and assessment of antioxidant antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities of Momordica balsamina leaf extracts TI - Phytocompound profiling and assessment of antioxidant antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities of Momordica balsamina leaf extracts UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1817 ER -