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Baloyi, J. J. Fushai, F. Mahlako, K. T. Mahwasane, Mulalo Birgit 2017 2018-06-06T09:23:29Z 2018-06-06T09:23:29Z 2018-05-18 Mahwasane, M.B. 2018. Chemical composition, ruminal degradability and in vitro digestibility of dry matter and crude protein of dichrostachys cinerea and bauhinia thonningii leaves. . . http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1146 http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1146 Mahwasane MB. Chemical composition, ruminal degradability and in vitro digestibility of dry matter and crude protein of dichrostachys cinerea and bauhinia thonningii leaves. []. , 2018 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1146 Mahwasane, M. B. (2018). <i>Chemical composition, ruminal degradability and in vitro digestibility of dry matter and crude protein of dichrostachys cinerea and bauhinia thonningii leaves</i>. (). . Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1146 Mahwasane, Mulalo Birgit. <i>"Chemical composition, ruminal degradability and in vitro digestibility of dry matter and crude protein of dichrostachys cinerea and bauhinia thonningii leaves."</i> ., , 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1146 TY - Dissertation AU - Mahwasane, Mulalo Birgit AB - Forage and browse legumes play an important role in sustaining livestock in small holder farming systems in the tropics, mainly as a result of their contribution to economic and environmental sustainability of livestock production. The study was conducted to determine the chemical composition, ruminal degradability and in vitro digestibility of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) of Dichrostachys cinerea and Bauhinia thonningii leaves. The browse tree leaves were harvested in the wild in Shayandima, Limpopo province. The leaves were collected, oven-dried, milled to pass through a 1.0 mm sieve and analysed for chemical composition in the Animal Science Nutrition Laboratory, at the University of Venda. The browse tree leaves were analysed for DM nitrogen, neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF). Approximately 5 g of leaf sample milled to pass through through a 1 mm sieve were placed in nylon bags (external dimension: 6 × 12 cm, pore size of 41 μm) and incubated in duplicates for 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours periods in the rumen of three cannulated Bonsmara steers. The residues were then analysed for DM and nitrogen. Parameters to describe the dynamics of ruminal degradability of DM and CP were obtained by fitting the data on the exponential equation P = a + b (1 - e-ct) using NEWAY computer program, where “a” is the rapid degradable fraction, “b” is the slow degradable fraction and “c” is the outflow rate. The in vitro DM and CP degradability of rumen undegradable residue collected after 24 and 48 hour incubation was determined by sequential in vitro digestion in pepsin (abomasal) and pancreatin (small intestine) solutions. DM and CP content differed significantly (P ˂ 0.05). D. cinerea leaves had higher levels of DM and CP content than B. thonningii leaves. DM and CP disappearance increased (P < 0.01) as the incubation period increased. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in soluble fraction ‘a’ and ‘b’ of DM of the two species. The CP components for both fraction ‘a’ and ‘b’ differed significantly (P < 0.01) for CP among the two species. There was significant difference (P < 0.01) in post-ruminal digestibility among the two species. CP digestibility of B. thonningii and D. cinerea leaves was reduced (P < 0.01). In conclusion, B. thonningii and D. cinerea leaves showed significant difference based on their fermentation kinetics and in vitro digestibility, suggesting a good nutritional quality which can be used as protein source for ruminants in dry season and supplement to low-quality diets. DA - 2018-05-18 DB - ResearchSpace DP - Univen KW - Dry matter KW - Crude protein KW - Degradability KW - In vitro digestibility KW - Dichrostachys cinerea KW - Bauhinia thonningii KW - Pepsin-HCL solution KW - Browse trees LK - https://univendspace.univen.ac.za PY - 2018 T1 - Chemical composition, ruminal degradability and in vitro digestibility of dry matter and crude protein of dichrostachys cinerea and bauhinia thonningii leaves TI - Chemical composition, ruminal degradability and in vitro digestibility of dry matter and crude protein of dichrostachys cinerea and bauhinia thonningii leaves UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1146 ER - MSCAGR (Animal Science) Department of Animal Science Forage and browse legumes play an important role in sustaining livestock in small holder farming systems in the tropics, mainly as a result of their contribution to economic and environmental sustainability of livestock production. The study was conducted to determine the chemical composition, ruminal degradability and in vitro digestibility of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) of Dichrostachys cinerea and Bauhinia thonningii leaves. The browse tree leaves were harvested in the wild in Shayandima, Limpopo province. The leaves were collected, oven-dried, milled to pass through a 1.0 mm sieve and analysed for chemical composition in the Animal Science Nutrition Laboratory, at the University of Venda. The browse tree leaves were analysed for DM nitrogen, neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF). Approximately 5 g of leaf sample milled to pass through through a 1 mm sieve were placed in nylon bags (external dimension: 6 × 12 cm, pore size of 41 μm) and incubated in duplicates for 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours periods in the rumen of three cannulated Bonsmara steers. The residues were then analysed for DM and nitrogen. Parameters to describe the dynamics of ruminal degradability of DM and CP were obtained by fitting the data on the exponential equation P = a + b (1 - e-ct) using NEWAY computer program, where “a” is the rapid degradable fraction, “b” is the slow degradable fraction and “c” is the outflow rate. The in vitro DM and CP degradability of rumen undegradable residue collected after 24 and 48 hour incubation was determined by sequential in vitro digestion in pepsin (abomasal) and pancreatin (small intestine) solutions. DM and CP content differed significantly (P ˂ 0.05). D. cinerea leaves had higher levels of DM and CP content than B. thonningii leaves. DM and CP disappearance increased (P < 0.01) as the incubation period increased. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in soluble fraction ‘a’ and ‘b’ of DM of the two species. The CP components for both fraction ‘a’ and ‘b’ differed significantly (P < 0.01) for CP among the two species. There was significant difference (P < 0.01) in post-ruminal digestibility among the two species. CP digestibility of B. thonningii and D. cinerea leaves was reduced (P < 0.01). In conclusion, B. thonningii and D. cinerea leaves showed significant difference based on their fermentation kinetics and in vitro digestibility, suggesting a good nutritional quality which can be used as protein source for ruminants in dry season and supplement to low-quality diets. NRF 1 online resource (xii, 69 leaves : color illustrations, color map) en University of Venda Dry matter Crude protein Degradability In vitro digestibility Dichrostachys cinerea Bauhinia thonningii Pepsin-HCL solution Browse trees UCTD 636.08450968257 Forage plants Fodder trees Browse Pastures Forage plants -- Drying -- South Africa -- Limpopo Forage plants -- Harvesting -- South Africa -- Limpopo Bauhinia -- South Africa -- Limpopo Livestock -- South Africa -- Limpopo Trees -- South Africa -- Limpopo Chemical composition, ruminal degradability and in vitro digestibility of dry matter and crude protein of dichrostachys cinerea and bauhinia thonningii leaves. Dissertation open.access