The Development of a Model for Managing ICT for School Leaders

Abstract

This paper aims to analyse literature relating to Information Communication Technology (ICT) model that is used by school leaders. Literature was derived from various data bases such as Scopus and Web of Science, and scholarly search engines. In the main, the literature review was on ICT tools to support e-leadership and communication, transformation of ICTs Schools in the Post-Pandemic Era, Managing ICTs in the school, and theoretical frameworks. In terms of ICT tools to support e-leadership and communication, literature revealed that work can now be done at any time, in any location, in real time or via technology, school principals adopt e-leadership skills. E-leadership is the effective use and combination of electronic and conventional methods of communication. In relation to the post-pandemic era, literature showed that weaknesses in available hardware were exposed. And the need to learn how to master virtual meetings became vital and key to ICT leadership and communication. Furthermore, post the pandemic, school leaders moved from face-to-face, mainly bilateral communication and adopted virtual meeting software, such as Teams and Zoom, live conferencing, groups of Facebook to the traditional ICTs tools before the pandemic such as phone calls, and e-mails. Literature review further revealed in terms of managing ICTs in the school that the management of the ICTs includes the security, and hardware and software, and that school leaders should apply ICT to daily personal and professional matters. In terms of the theoretical frameworks that support ICT enhanced school leadership, literature revealed the relevance of e-Leadership as it outlines five constructs relating to e-Leadership, Government ICT policy, ICT implementation in school, Teacher attitude towards ICT and Teachers' pedagogical change that could assist in the development an ICT model for school leaders.