Department of Urban and Regional Planning
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Browsing Department of Urban and Regional Planning by Author "Chakwizira, J."
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Item Open Access Application of smart value chain logistics for the small-medium brick manufacturing enterprises of Thohoyandou Town, South Africa(2023-10-05) Mawelewele, Lutendo; Chakwizira, J.; Ingwani, E.The study investigated the smart value chain logistics system application within the domain of the brick-making sector of Thohoyandou town, South Africa. The investigation has revealed new ways of re-imagining the operation of process inventory for produced and finished brick products from the supply chain to the distribution centers within rural towns through the utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) platforms applied within the Small-Medium Brick Logistics enterprises. The Small-Medium Brick Enterprises (SMBEs) of Thohoyandou town consist of unlicensed small-scale enterprises and medium-scale enterprises. Little formal documented information was known about these enterprises in terms of the operational mode, production procedures, transportation, and socio-economic impacts on the host communities. The study aimed to demonstrate the application of the Smart Value Chain Logistics approach that could be applied to improve the transportation process in Small-Medium Brick Manufacturing Enterprises in Thohoyandou Town. The main objective was to recommend a smart value chain logistics framework. To analyze the value chain system that seeks to support the Small-Medium Brick Manufacturing Enterprises’ development in the brick-making sector of Thohoyandou town. The study analysis was conducted, where the sample size of the brick manufacturing enterprises in Thohoyandou town was 7 with (100%) responses. The sample size of the key informants from the local municipality and district municipality within the transport and housing departments was 5 with (100%) responses that were analyzed using the SPSS spatial analytical tool. The total sample size of all key respondents was 12. The research methodology selected for the study was the mixed method approach using qualitative and quantitative analysis approaches. The results revealed that the application of the smart value chain logistics framework approach could be adopted to improve the brick-making enterprise’s transport logistics in terms of operational efficiency, and effectiveness of the manufacturing activities.Item Open Access Exploring access to basic services to support local economic development: a case study of Mahwelereng, Mogalakwena Local Municipality(2023-05-19) Nemakhavhani, Tshilidzi; Chakwizira, J.; Bikam, P.The study focuses on exploring access to basic services to support local economic development in Mahwelereng area, Mogalakwena Local Municipality. Provision of basic services has been a challenge in most of the local municipalities in South Africa. In most of these municipalities, the basic service delivery challenges have resulted in public protests. It is in this context that several regions within South Africa have experienced service delivery protests since 1994, which are characterised by increased violence and local governance system inefficiency debates. The Mogalakwena Local Municipality as part of local government is mandated to fulfil constitutional obligations to ensure that provision of sustainable, effective, and efficient basic services (such as water, sanitation, electricity, refuse removal and roads networks) to the communities, while promoting social and local economic development in the area that they serve. The supply of basic services in Mokgalakwena Local Municipality has over the years experienced severe infrastructural and delivery challenges which involve poor capacity, electricity blackouts and disruptions, poor sanitation, rapid loss of water supply due to leaks, and service provision management challenges. A qualitative research approach was employed in this study because the study was explanatory and descriptive in nature. This approach assisted in investigating the study problem, its nature, magnitude, and severity within the specific social and or geographic settings rather than broader populations. The primary data source were interviews, while the secondary sources was documents reviews, Integrated Development Plan (IDP), Spatial Development Framework (SDF) and Integrated Transport Plan (ITP), which included books, journals, dissertations, and reports. The sampled key informant population or target groups in the study area included community members, ward committee members or councillors, managers, and technicians of the Mogalakwena municipal area. The findings are expressed by means of discussing the extent of the provision of basic services to support local economic development in communities. Furthermore, they were determined by the impacts of poor service delivery on supporting local economic development and challenges experienced by the local municipalities in terms of basic service delivery. Based on the findings and analyses, the study recommended a raft of strategies that can be used by the Municipalities in improving basic service delivery to the residents; those strategies include Performance Measurement, Motivation, Capacity building within municipalities. Strengthening V I | P a g e and better aligning the IDP, SDF and ITP is one way through which the systems of planning at local government level can be improved to better support sustainable access to basic services, local economic growth and development. However, implementing these study findings must be done in adherence and compliance to existing legislative and policy frameworks. Furthermore, the study concluded that Mogalakwena Municipality should further streamline and strengthen the effective and efficient legislative and policy framework that underpin the adequate provision of basic services to the residents of Mahwelereng. In addition, the implementation and updating of local economic growth and development policies, strategies and ancillary programmatic action coupled with implementing new and amending existing by-laws that support satisfactory basic service delivery to the residents of Mahwelereng should be a top development priority in local government areas such as typified by the study area.Item Open Access Outcomes of Trans-border Spatial Development Cooperation: Insights from Musina and Beitbridge Twinning Agreement(2017-05-18) Nyamwanza, Shylet A.; Bikam, P.; Chakwizira, J.Current studies reveal that adjacent municipalities can achieve more if they plan and share resources collaboratively. The study assessed the impact of trans-border spatial development cooperation with respect to a twinning agreement signed between the Musina local municipality, South Africa, and the Beitbridge Rural District Council, Zimbabwe in October 2004. It unpacks to the extent to which the twinning agreement objectives were achieved in terms of spatial development. The assessment revolved around six specific objectives using a trans- border twinning performance evaluation survey approach. The assessment of the implementation of the agreement focused on desirable outcomes, inputs in terms of resources, the implementation process involved in terms of effectiveness and efficiency, outputs in terms of targets achieved, impact with respect to where they are now, who needs to do what and when and whether the planning and implementation process was effective. Research questions were investigated using 14 key informant interviews, 347 questionnaires and direct field observations with the aid of an impact evaluation survey approach. The study showed that the challenges faced in municipal twinning agreements range from institutional, structural to financial. It was evident that the Musina-Beitbridge twinning agreement did not have a concrete implementation plan from 2004 to 2016. The spatial planning goals indicated in the twinning document were not achieved. The Joint coordination meetings were no longer being conducted, benchmarking exercises were not conducted, the goals were not time-bound, there was no standalone budget, no central secretariat and lastly, the majority of the local residents were not aware of the twinning’s existence. The study recommended a strategic trans-border implementation framework which addresses initial planning provisions, resource allocation, stakeholder participation and ensuring that targets are achieved as well as mitigating risks.Item Open Access Spatial transformation in the City of Polokwane, South Africa (1996-2016)(2021-06-23) Moffat, Frank; Chakwizira, J.; Ingwani, E.; Bikam, P.The World urban population is increasing rapidly, in a context in which small, intermediate towns and cities have been found to be inadequately prepared to manage such pressures. One area in which cities have been underperforming is tracking spatial transformation. This study explores spatial transformation in the City of Polokwane from 1996 to 2016. The problem in the study area is that City of Polokwane lacks an integrated framework for tracking spatial transformation. The objectives of the study were to, (i) analyse the legislative and policy framework directions for spatial transformation in the City of Polokwane (ii) map spatial transformation in Polokwane City using spatial indicators, (iii) analyse the drivers of spatial transformation in the City of Polokwane (iii) establish the implications of spatial transformation in the City of Polokwane and (iv) develop an integrated framework for tracking spatial transformation in small and intermediate cities in South Africa. A pragmatic paradigm philosophical approach underpins the study, supplemented by mixed methods research approach and case study strategy. The sample size for the study comprised of 588 households, it was calculated using the Raosoft online sample size calculator. The sampling procedures adopted in this study include purposive sampling, snow ball sampling and stratified random sampling method, resulting in the proportional distribution of the sample in the following nodal areas; Polokwane (327), Seshego (184) and Mankweng (77). The primary data sources for this study included; household spatial transformation questionnaire survey, key expert interviews, observations, and mapping. Secondary data sources included institutional documents and records, key spatial transformation textbooks, geospatial data sets, internet and library datasets where the researcher accessed relevant information on spatial transformation in the City of Polokwane. Data analysis on the 116 mesozones polygons that are linked to the GIS databases containing 1996, 2001, 2011, 2016 census data was guided by the dimensions of spatial transformation mapping triad linked to relevant spatial indicators. The spatial indicators employed agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis, to generate choropleth thematic maps using ArcGIS depicting empirical spatial transformation in the City of Polokwane from 1996 to 2016. Quantitative data analysis was aided with Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) for descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis (EFA), to determine the drivers and implication of spatial transformation in the City of Polokwane. Qualitative data analysis in this study employed content analysis to gain an in depth understanding of spatial transformation and guide development of an integrated framework for tracking spatial transformation in small and intermediate cities. This was augmented with the use of Atlas.ti, for generating word cloud guided by deductive reasoning approach, and research questions from the study within the purview of critical discourse theoretical framework. The findings for the study provide the following contributions to knowledge on spatial transformation; (i) legislative and policy directions on spatial transformation in the City of Polokwane (ii) maps showing empirical evidence on spatial transformations in the City of Polokwane (1996-2016) (iii) drivers of spatial transformation in the City of Polokwane (iv) social, environmental, economic, government/policy and spatial planning implications of spatial transformation in the City of Polokwane (v) an integrated framework for tracking spatial transformation in small and intermediate cities in South Africa.