Theses and Dissertations
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Browsing Theses and Dissertations by Author "Dzimiri, P."
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Item Open Access An analysis of service delivery protests and their implications on the economic stability of Musina Municipality: 2007-2014(2018-05-18) Phaswana, Rofhiwa; Molapo, R. R.; Dzimiri, P.The adoption of the constitution in 1996 has opened a new era of establishing a local government system that recommended that municipalities be established for the whole territory of the republic of South Africa. The white paper on “Local Government adopted by Cabinet in March 1998 outlined framework and programmes to guide municipalities to commit to work with citizens and groups within the communities to find sustainable ways to meet their social, economic and material needs to improve the quality of their lives”. Since 2007 epidemic service delivery protests started to be a national problem where 80 percentages of service delivery protests between the periods of 2007-2014 were violent. For instance, Musina Municipality experienced violent service delivery during the period of 2007-2014 where its properties, economy and people’s lives were in stake. Therefore, this study was driven by the need to analyse the implications of service delivery protests on the economy of Musina Municipality. A qualitative method approach to investigate the problem of service delivery protests implications on stability and economy in Musina Municipality will be used. A case study regarding service delivery effectiveness and violence used by people as a response and expression of a plea to be heard by their municipality will be investigated.Item Open Access Balancing monarchical and human rights in Southern Africa: experiences from the kingdom of Eswatini(2019-09-20) Ncube, Gamelihle; Dzimiri, P.; Tshamano, H.; Molapo, R.The study investigates the issue of human rights on whether there can be a balance or relationship between monarchical rights and human rights in Southern Africa, paying particular attention to the small monarchical kingdom of Eswatini. The study seeks to examine how traditional monarchies in the 21st century treats the issue of human rights bearing in mind the fact that the current global system highly believes in upholding the fundamental freedoms and rights of the people. As a case study, this study seeks to examine the major reasons behind the Kingdom of Eswatini’s continued adherence to a monarchical system and also how the regional and international bodies like the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and the United Nations (UN) are doing in terms of addressing the continued violation of human rights in the Kingdom of Eswatini. Qualitative research methodology will be employed to gather data. The research will contribute to the African studies discourse, especially on the nexus between monarchical rights and human rights. Volunteer sampling will be used to get participants for the study and would be drawn mainly from academics, local chiefs/political leaders and also some of the elderly citizens.Item Open Access Changes in the Conception of Nationalism in Zimbwabwe: A Comparative Analysis of ZAPU and ZANU Liberation Movements 1977-1990(2019) Mangani, Dylan Yanamo; Dzimiri, P.; Ndlovu, I.; Molapo, R. R.No serious study into the contemporary politics of Zimbabwe can ignore the celebrated influence of nationalism and the attendant role of elite leaders as a ‘social force’ in the making of the nation-state of Zimbabwe. This study analyses the role played by nationalism as an instrument for political mobilisation against the white settler regime in Rhodesia by the Zimbabwe African People Union (ZAPU) and the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU). Therefore, of particular importance is the manner in which the evolution and comprehensive analysis of these former liberation movements, in the political history of Zimbabwe have been viewed through the dominant lenses of nationalism. Nationalism can be regarded as the best set of beliefs and the worst set of beliefs. Being an exhilarating force that led to the emergence of these nationalist movements to dismantle white minority rule, nationalism was also the same force that was responsible for dashing the dreams and hopes associated with an independent Zimbabwe. At the centre of this thesis is the argument that there is a fault line in the manner in which nationalism is understood as such it continued to be constructed and contested. In the study, nationalism has been propagated as contending political narratives, and the nationalist elite leaders are presented as a social force that sought to construct the nation-state of Zimbabwe. Thus, the study is particularly interested in a comparative analysis of the competing narratives of nationalism between ZAPU and ZANU between the period of 1977 and 1990. This period is a very important time frame in the turning points on the nationalist political history of Zimbabwe. Firstly, the beginning of this period saw the struggle for the liberation of Zimbabwe climax because of concerted efforts by both ZAPU and ZANU. Secondly, the conclusion of this period saw the death of ZAPU as an alternative to multi-party democracy within the nationalist sense and the subsequent emergence of a dominant socialist one-party state. Methodologically, a qualitative approach has been employed where the researcher analysed documents.Item Open Access The conflict between tradition and modernity : the histoy of the relationship between the state and traditional leaders Gutu District, Zimbabwe from 1960-2010(2015-02-24) Govo, Nicholas; Molapo, R. R.; Dzimiri, P.The study investigates the relationship between traditional leadership and the local government in the theoretical framework of the conflict between tradition and modernity. The study examines the relationship between two institutions which cannot be merged, but at the same time cannot be thrown away. As a case study, the study seeks to investigate the relationship between the state and traditional leadership in Gutu District, Zimbabwe. The District is found in Masvingo Province and it is predominantly rural. As such, traditional institutions are still influential or intact. Qualitative research methodology will be employed to gather data of the stakeholders and establish the causes and nature of the conflict between traditional institutions and modern forms of governance. The research will contribute to African Studies discourse, especially on the nexus between tr_adition and modernity in understanding issues of governance and management of communal areas. It is hoped that this will provide some insights in addressing some of the pressing problems which retard rural development. On the whole, this work posits that traditional authority and modern forms of governance are parallel and there is a need for engagement in serving the communal areas in the best interests of development and poverty alleviation.Item Open Access The effects of the rise of China and political economy of Africa: the case of South Africa(2017-05) Benyi, Kodwo Amissah; Molapo, R. R.; Dzimiri, P.The 21st century has witnessed intensified ties between China and South Africa both bilaterally and multilaterally under BRICS. South Africa-China relations have been amplified by the quest to strengthen South-South cooperation as opposed to depending on the West for everything. In this research the focus is on examining the political and economic relations between South Africa and China. The sustainability of the China-South Africa engagement in the areas of economy and politics will be examined. Since South Africa is the weaker partner economically in her relationship with China, will the relationship leave South Africa disadvantaged or will the South African economy benefit from the bilateral relations? On the political level, China’s policy on Tibet and the One-China policy may have a bearing on South Africa’s image in the world. The research is designed to explore the political and economic dimensions of the relationship. The study derives insights from the interdependence theory which argues that we live in a world of interdependence which has altered the concept of power which is at the heart of the realist theory. Interdependence is also defined as mutual dependence among nations and reciprocal effects among states. The study utilizes a qualitative approach where desk research involving primary and secondary sources are used. Fundamentally the study argues that the relationship is mutually beneficial albeit unequal. China is a major power with the second largest economy in the world and South Africa is a regional power with a stagnating economy. China needs South Africa in her Africa strategy due to the fact that South Africa boasts the largest and most advanced economy on the African continent and this makes the country a convenient doorway into Africa. South Africa on the other hand needs Chinese Foreign Direct Investment and trade to speed up growth and grow the black middle class which was disadvantaged during the apartheid years. In 2015 the two countries signed 26 agreements worth 94 billion rand when the Chinese President Xi Jinping paid an official visit to South Africa which will be mutually beneficial to both parties.Item Open Access Human security implications of human settlement in the context of land reform: a case of Ratombo, 2005-2018(2019-09-20) Themeli, Rendani Coyenie; Dzimiri, P.; Vader Westhuizen, J. D. N.; Mathagu, S. F.The research investigated the nexus between land reform and human security in Ratombo community. The central argument was that land reform should address human security and development of the community. The security-development nexus was applied to explicate the link between human security and human development. The human security concerns discussed in the research included food security, economic security, individual security, community security, and environmental security. These security matters were discussed within the backdrop of a myriad of challenges facing Ratombo Communal Property Association (CPA) regarding improving production at the farm. The problem under investigation was informed by the failure of the CPA to ensure food security and to create employment for the community members. Within that background, the study sought to explore the feelings of the farm workers, management and members of the CPA. Qualitative methods of data collection and analysis were used to establish the attitudes and feelings of stakeholders on Ratombo CPA’s performance, regarding meeting human security concerns of the community. The outcome of the research was that, as land reforms have dominated the discourse of rural development, there is needed to closely link rural development to human security issues because development and well-being are inseparable to the human security of a community.Item Open Access Politics of Belonging in South Africa Since 2008(2021-06-23) Ekanade, Israel Kehinde; Dzimiri, P.; Ndlovu, I.Notions of belonging are problematic and they influence the behaviour of citizens in a nation-state. Politics and nationalism to a very large extent determine the participation of locals in every sector of the economy of a nation. Several groups crave for publicity and press home their demands by challenging government to improve on service delivery and improve their conditions of living. This is the present situation in post-apartheid South Africa, which has been embroiled in a series of anti-foreigner violence carried out by locals whose primary targets were Black African nationals and a few Asians, excluding white foreigners. These violent activities have been mainly confined to informal settlements. In 2008, South Africa sent strong signals to Africa and the rest of the world that the idea of belonging has to be redefined. Human mobility triggers contests for space and facilities-here social cohesion, social trust and social peace are compromised. This study examines certain factors which fuel acrimony between nationals and foreign nationals in South Africa and the wider socio-cultural meanings and implications of these incidences for their mutual coexistence. This thesis interrogates government’s response to the tensions before, during and after crises periods. The success or otherwise, responses elicited, and how outsiders have been treated will also be explored. Methodologically, a mixed method involving discourse analysis and qualitative analysis will be employed. Purposive sampling will be used to get participants for the study and would be drawn mainly from academicians, civil society, church leaders, diplomats, locals/ political leaders and foreign nationals.Item Open Access The role of external actors in resolving the 2013 political crisis in the newly independent state of South Sudan: From 2013 to 2015.:(2019-10-20) Mokgola, Mashilo Sipho; Dzimiri, P.; Mathagu, S.This study focuses on the politics of conflict resolution, paying special attention to the role of the international community in resolving the political crisis in South Sudan. The current political crisis in South Sudan has historical connections that date back to the time when Sudan was granted independence by the British government in 1956.These historical antecedents paved the way for the current political crisis which started on December 2013. The study is guided by the International Society Theory or the English School of Thought. The wisdom of the International Society Theory affirms international obligations bestowed on the members of the international community. According to this theory response to crisis of humanitarian nature such as the South Sudanese political crisis is part of the broader debate. Qualitative methods were used in this study because the researcher because they enabled the researcher to gain deeper insights on the research problem. All guidelines regarding ethical considerations were followed in order to avoid being biased and misinterpretation of information. Data were obtained from primary and secondary sources what sources. The study concludes that despite the involvement of many external actors, the conflict is still raging on due to a numbers of reasons such as, mistrust between the conflicting parties and lack of political will to resolve the conflict. Key words: Humanitarian intervention, Conflict, Nation-Building, Coup d’état, Conflict resolution, Horn of Africa, State formation, Responsibility to protect (R2P)Item Embargo Unpacking community participation in the Integrated Development Planning process in Mbombela Local Municipality, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa(2024-09-06) Makhubela, James Ansell; Yende, N. E.; Dzimiri, P.During the apartheid era in South Africa, most black people were banned from participating in government planning processes. After 1994, the black democratic government took power and sought to address apartheid practices by enacting key policies to transform local government. As a planning instrument for local government, the integrated development plan (IDP), was seen as one of the mechanisms for including residents in policy and decision making. This research unpacked the participation of the community in the integrated development planning process. The study objectives were to conceptualize the understanding of community participation by the participants, examine the knowledge of the participants about the IDP process in the local municipality of Mbombela, identify factors that hinder participation in community meetings, and recommend strategies to improve the effectiveness of community participation in the IDP. The qualitative approach was used to collect data from 16 participants through semi-structured interviews. The data in this study were analysed using thematic analysis. The study found that one of the main issues that made it difficult for community members to engage successfully during IDP sessions was the use of English and political jargon. Based on this finding, it is recommended that the local language be used extensively during IDP meetings. Furthermore, it is necessary to simplify and unpack complex development concepts for residents, to facilitate their understanding of the issues discussed and the challenges at hand.